Purdue University Logo
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
 
Horticulture Home Page
Agriculture Home Page
Purdue Home Page
Blackboard
HORT640 Home Page
N Use By Plants
Nitrate Assimilation
Ammonia Assimilation
Glu, Gln, Asn, Gly, Ser
Aminotransferases
Asp, Ala, GABA
Val, Leu, Ileu, Thr, Lys
Pro, Arg, Orn
Polyamines
Non-protein AAs
Alkaloids
Sulfate Assimilation
Cys, Met, AdoMet, ACC
His, Phe, Tyr, Tryp
Secondary Products
Onium Compounds
Enzymes
Methods
Simulation
References
HORT640 - Metabolic Plant Physiology

References, pyrophosphorylase

Ainsworth C, Hosein F, Tarvis M, Weir F, Burrell M, Devos KM, Gale MD. Adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase genes in wheat: differential expression and gene mapping. Planta 197: 1-10 (1995).

Akihiro T, Mizuno K, Fujimura T. Gene expression of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and starch contents in rice cultured cells are cooperatively regulated by sucrose and ABA. Plant Cell Physiol. 46: 937-946 (2005).

Appeldoorn NJG, de Bruijn SM, Koot-Gronsveld EAM, Visser RGF, Vreugdenhil D, van der Plas LHW. Developmental changes of enzymes involved in conversion of sucrose to hexose-phosphate during early tuberisation of potato. Planta 202: 220-226 (1997).

Badejo AA, Tanaka N, Esaka M. Analysis of GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase gene promoter from acerola (Malpighia glabra) and increase in ascorbate content of transgenic tobacco expressing the acerola gene. Plant Cell Physiol. 49: 126-132 (2008).

Bae HH, Herman E, Bailey B, Bae HJ, Sicher R. Exogenous trehalose alters Arabidopsis transcripts involved in cell wall modification, abiotic stress, nitrogen metabolism, and plant defense. Physiol. Plant. 125: 114-126 (2005).

Ballicora MA, Fu Y, Nesbitt NM, Preiss J. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from potato tubers. Site-directed mutagenesis studies of the regulatory sites. Plant Physiol. 118: 265-274 (1998).

Ballicora MA, Laughlin MJ, Fu Y, Okita TW, Barry GF, Preiss J. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase from potato tuber. Significance of the N terminus of the small subunit for catalytic properties and heat stability. Plant Physiol. 109: 245-251 (1995).

Baroja-Fernandez E, Munoz FJ, Akazawa T, Pozueta-Romero J. Reappraisal of the currently prevailing model of starch biosynthesis in photosynthetic tissues: a proposal involving the cytosolic production of ADP-glucose by sucrose synthase and occurrence of cyclic turnover of starch in the chloroplast. Plant Cell Physiol. 42: 1311-1320 (2001).

Baroja-Fernandez E, Munoz FJ, Akazawa T, Pozueta-Romero J. Reappraisal of the currently prevailing model of starch biosynthesis in photosynthetic tissues: a proposal involving the cytosolic production of ADP-glucose by sucrose synthase and occurrence of cyclic turnover of starch in the chloroplast. Plant Cell Physiol. 42: 1311-1320 (2001).

Barth C, Moeder W, Klessig DF, Conklin PL. The timing of senescence and response to pathogens is altered in the ascorbate-deficient Arabidopsis mutant vitamin c-1. Plant Physiol. 134: 1784-1792 (2004).

Beckles DM, Craig J, Smith AM. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is located in the plastid in developing tomato fruit. Plant Physiol. 126: 261-266 (2001).

Beckles DM, Smith AM, ap Rees T. A cytosolic ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a feature of graminaceous endosperms, but not of other starch-storing organs. Plant Physiol. 125: 818-827 (2001).

Bejar CM, Ballicora MA, Gomez-Casati DF, Iglesias AA, Preiss J. The ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Escherichia coli comprises two tightly bound distinct domains. FEBS Lett. 573: 99-104 (2004).

Bejar CM, Jin X, Ballicora MA, Preiss J. Molecular architecture of the glucose 1-phosphate site in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylases. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 40473-40484 (2006).

Boehlein SK, Shaw JR, Stewart JD, Hannah LC. Characterization of an autonomously activated plant adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 149: 318-326 (2009).

Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H, Wobus U, Weber H. Differentiation of legume cotyledons as related to metabolic gradients and assimilate transport into seeds. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 503-512 (2003).

Brown CS, Piastuch WC. Starch metabolism in germinating soybean cotyledons is sensitive to clinorotation and centrifugation. Plant Cell Environ. 17: 341-344 (1994).

Burger BT, Cross JM, Shaw JR, Caren JR, Greene TW, Okita TW, Hannah LC. Relative turnover numbers of maize endosperm and potato tuber ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylases in the absence and presence of 3-phosphoglyceric acid. Planta 217: 449-456 (2003).

Burton RA, Johnson PE, Beckles DM, Fincher GB, Jenner HL, Naldrett MJ, Denyer K. Characterization of the genes encoding the cytosolic and plastidial forms of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in wheat endosperm. Plant Physiol. 130: 1464-1475 (2002).

Carlson SJ, Chourey PS, Helentjaris T, Datta R. Gene expression studies on developing kernels of maize sucrose synthase (SuSy) mutants show evidence for a third SuSy gene. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 15-29 (2002).

Carvalho LJ, de Souza CR, de Mattos Cascardo JC, Junior CB, Campos L. Identification and characterization of a novel cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) clone with high free sugar content and novel starch. Plant Mol. Biol. 56: 643-659 (2004).

Chen BY, Janes HW. Multiple forms of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from tomato fruit. Plant Physiol. 113: 235-241 (1997).

Chen LS, Qi YP, Smith BR, Liu XH. Aluminum-induced decrease in CO2 assimilation in citrus seedlings is unaccompanied by decreased activities of key enzymes involved in CO2 assimilation. Tree Physiol. 25: 317-324 (2005).

Chen P, Harcum SW. Effects of elevated ammonium on glycosylation gene expression in CHO cells. Metab. Eng. 8: 123-132 (2006).

Chen R, Zhao X, Shao Z, Wei Z, Wang Y, Zhu L, Zhao J, Sun M, He R, He G. Rice UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase1 is essential for pollen callose deposition and its cosuppression results in a new type of thermosensitive genic male sterility. Plant Cell 19: 847-861 (2007).

Cheng L, Zhou R, Reidel EJ, Sharkey TD, Dandekar AM. Antisense inhibition of sorbitol synthesis leads to up-regulation of starch synthesis without altering CO2 assimilation in apple leaves. Planta 220: 767-776 (2005).

Cid E, Geremia RA, Guinovart JJ, Ferrer JC. Glycogen synthase: towards a minimum catalytic unit? FEBS Lett. 528: 5-11 (2002).

Ciereszko I, Johansson H, Hurry V, Kleczkowski LA. Phosphate status affects the gene expression, protein content and enzymatic activity of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in wild-type and pho mutants of Arabidopsis. Planta 212: 598-605 (2001).

Ciereszko I, Johansson H, Kleczkowski LA. Sucrose and light regulation of a cold-inducible UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene via a hexokinase-independent and abscisic acid-insensitive pathway in Arabidopsis. Biochem. J. 354: 67-72 (2001).

Coleman HD, Canam T, Kang KY, Ellis DD, Mansfield SD. Over-expression of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in hybrid poplar affects carbon allocation. J. Exp. Bot. 58: 4257-4268 (2007).

Colleoni C, Dauvillee D, Mouille G, Buleon A, Gallant D, Bouchet B, Morell M, Samuel M, Delrue B, d'Hulst C, Bliard C, Nuzillard JM, Ball S. Genetic and biochemical evidence for the involvement of alpha-1,4 glucanotransferases in amylopectin synthesis. Plant Physiol. 120: 993-1004 (1999).

Condon S, Collins JK, O'donovan GA. Regulation of arginine and pyrimidine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas putida. J. Gen. Microbiol. 92: 375-383 (1976).

Crafts-Brandner SJ, Klein RR, Klein P, Holzer R, Feller U. Coordination of protein and mRNA abundances of stromal enzymes and mRNA abundances of the Clp protease subunits during senescence of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) leaves. Planta 200: 312-318 (1996).

Cross JM, Clancy M, Shaw JR, Boehlein SK, Greene TW, Schmidt RR, Okita TW, Hannah LC. A polymorphic motif in the small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase modulates interactions between the small and large subunits. Plant J. 41: 501-511 (2005).

Cross JM, Clancy M, Shaw JR, Greene TW, Schmidt RR, Okita TW, Hannah LC. Both subunits of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase are regulatory. Plant Physiol. 135: 137-144 (2004).

Dai N, Petreikov M, Portnoy V, Katzir N, Pharr DM, Schaffer AA. Cloning and expression analysis of a UDP-galactose/glucose pyrophosphorylase from melon fruit provides evidence for the major metabolic pathway of galactose metabolism in raffinose oligosaccharide metabolizing plants. Plant Physiol. 142: 294-304 (2006).

Denyer K, Dunlap F, Thorbjornsen T, Keeling P, Smith AM. The major form of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in maize endosperm is extra-plastidial. Plant Physiol. 112: 779-785 (1996).

Derkos-Sojak V, Pigac J, Delic V. Biochemical and genetic studies of a histidine regulatory mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2). J. Basic Microbiol. 25: 479-485 (1985).

Dian W, Jiang H, Wu P. Evolution and expression analysis of starch synthase III and IV in rice. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 623-632 (2005).

Doan DN, Rudi H, Olsen OA. The allosterically unregulated isoform of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from barley endosperm is the most likely source of ADP-glucose incorporated into endosperm starch. Plant Physiol. 121: 965-975 (1999).

Dumez S, Wattebled F, Dauvillee D, Delvalle D, Planchot V, Ball SG, D'Hulst C. Mutants of Arabidopsis lacking starch branching enzyme II substitute plastidial starch synthesis by cytoplasmic maltose accumulation. Plant Cell 18: 2694-2709 (2006).

Eimert K, Wang SM, Lue WI, Chen J. Monogenic recessive mutations causing both late floral initiation and excess starch accumulation in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 7: 1703-1712 (1995).

Emes MJ, Neuhaus HE. Metabolism and transport in non-photosynthetic plastids. J. Exp. Bot. 48: 1995-2005 (1997).

Essmann J, Schmitz-Thom I, Schon H, Sonnewald S, Weis E, Scharte J. RNAi-mediated repression of cell wall invertase impairs defense in source leaves of tobacco. Plant Physiol. 147: 1288-1299 (2008).

Farre EM, Bachmann A, Willmitzer L, Trethewey RN. Acceleration of potato tuber sprouting by the expression of a bacterial pyrophosphatase. Nat. Biotechnol. 19: 268-272 (2001).

Farre EM, Geigenberger P, Willmitzer L, Trethewey RN. A possible role for pyrophosphate in the coordination of cytosolic and plastidial carbon metabolism within the potato tuber. Plant Physiol. 123: 681-688 (2000).

Farre EM, Tiessen A, Roessner U, Geigenberger P, Trethewey RN, Willmitzer L. Analysis of the compartmentation of glycolytic intermediates, nucleotides, sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and sugar alcohols in potato tubers using a nonaqueous fractionation method. Plant Physiol. 127: 685-700 (2001).

Fernie AR, Roessner U, Trethewey RN, Willmitzer L. The contribution of plastidial phosphoglucomutase to the control of starch synthesis within the potato tuber. Planta 213: 418-426 (2001).

Fritzius T, Aeschbacher R, Wiemken A, Wingler A. Induction of ApL3 expression by trehalose complements the starch-deficient Arabidopsis mutant adg2-1 lacking ApL1, the large subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 126: 883-889 (2001).

Frueauf JB, Ballicora MA, Preiss J. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from potato tuber: site-directed mutagenesis of homologous aspartic acid residues in the small and large subunits. Plant J. 33: 503-511 (2003).

Fu Y, Ballicora MA, Preiss J. Mutagenesis of the glucose-1-phosphate-binding site of potato tuber ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 117: 989-996 (1998).

Galina A, da Silva WS. Hexokinase activity alters sugar-nucleotide formation in maize root homogenates. Phytochemistry 53: 29-37 (2000).

Geigenberger P. Regulation of sucrose to starch conversion in growing potato tubers. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 457-465 (2003).

Geigenberger P, Geiger M, Stitt M. High-temperature perturbation of starch synthesis is attributable to inhibition of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase by decreased levels of glycerate-3-phosphate in growing potato tubers. Plant Physiol. 117: 1307-1316 (1998).

Geigenberger P, Hajirezaei M, Geiger M, Deiting U, Sonnewald U, Stitt M. Overexpression of pyrophosphatase leads to increased sucrose degradation and starch synthesis, increased activities of enzymes for sucrose-starch interconversions, and increased levels of nucleotides in growing potato tubers. Planta 205: 428-437 (1998).

Geigenberger P, Kolbe A, Tiessen A. Redox regulation of carbon storage and partitioning in response to light and sugars. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 1469-1479 (2005).

Geigenberger P, Muller-Rober B, Stitt M. Contribution of adenosine 5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase to the control of starch synthesis is decreased by water stress in growing potato tubers. Planta 209: 338-345 (1999).

Geigenberger P, Reimholz R, Geiger M, Merlo L, Canale V, Stitt M. Regulation of sucrose and starch metabolism in potato tubers in response to short-term water deficit. Planta 201: 502-518 (1997).

Geigenberger P, Stamme C, Tjaden J, Schulz A, Quick PW, Betsche T, Kersting HJ, Neuhaus HE. Tuber physiology and properties of starch from tubers of transgenic potato plants with altered plastidic adenylate transporter activity. Plant Physiol. 125: 1667-1678 (2001).

Geigenberger P, Stitt M. Diurnal changes in sucrose, nucleotides, starch synthesis and AGPS transcript in growing potato tubers that are suppressed by decreased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase. Plant J. 23: 795-806 (2000).

Geigenberger P, Stitt M, Fernie AR. Metabolic control analysis and regulation of the conversion of sucrose to starch in growing potato tubers. Plant Cell Environ. 27: 655-673 (2004).

Geiger M, Haake V, Ludewig F, Sonnewald U, Stitt M. The nitrate and ammonium nitrate supply have a major influence on the response of photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and growth to elevated carbon dioxide in tobacco. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 1177-1199 (1999).

Geisler M, Wilczynska M, Karpinski S, Kleczkowski LA. Toward a blueprint for UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase structure/function properties: homology-modeling analyses. Plant Mol. Biol. 56: 783-794 (2004).

Georgelis N, Braun EL, Shaw JR, Hannah LC. The two AGPase subunits evolve at different rates in angiosperms, yet they are equally sensitive to activity-altering amino acid changes when expressed in bacteria. Plant Cell 19: 1458-1472 (2007).

Gibon Y, Blaesing OE, Hannemann J, Carillo P, Hohne M, Hendriks JH, Palacios N, Cross J, Selbig J, Stitt M. A robot-based platform to measure multiple enzyme activities in Arabidopsis using a set of cycling assays: comparison of changes of enzyme activities and transcript levels during diurnal cycles and in prolonged darkness. Plant Cell 16: 3304-3325 (2004).

Gibon Y, Blasing OE, Palacios-Rojas N, Pankovic D, Hendriks JH, Fisahn J, Hohne M, Gunther M, Stitt M. Adjustment of diurnal starch turnover to short days. Plant J. 39: 847-862 (2004).

Gomez-Casati DF, Cortassa S, Aon MA, Iglesias AA. Ultrasensitive behavior in the synthesis of storage polysaccharides in cyanobacteria. Planta 216: 969-975 (2003).

Gomez-Casati DF, Iglesias AA. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from wheat endosperm. Purification and characterization of an enzyme with novel regulatory properties. Planta 214: 428-434 (2002).

Gonzalez EM, Galvez L, Arrese-Igor C. Abscisic acid induces a decline in nitrogen fixation that involves leghaemoglobin, but is independent of sucrose synthase activity. J. Exp. Bot. 52: 285-293 (2001).

Greene TW, Hannah LC. Maize endosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase SHRUNKEN2 and BRITTLE2 subunit interactions. Plant Cell 10: 1295-1306 (1998).

Greene TW, Woodbury RL, Okita TW. Aspartic acid 413 is important for the normal allosteric functioning of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 112: 1315-1320 (1996).

Haigler CH, Ivanova-Datcheva M, Hogan PS, Salnikov VV, Hwang S, Martin K, Delmer DP. Carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis. Plant Mol. Biol. 47: 29-51 (2001).

Halford NG, Paul MJ. Carbon metabolite sensing and signalling. Plant Biotechnol. J. 1: 381-398 (2003).

Hannah LC, Shaw JR, Giroux MJ, Reyss A, Prioul JL, Bae JM, Lee JY. Maize genes encoding the small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 127: 173-183 (2001).

Harper AD, Bar-Peled M. Biosynthesis of UDP-xylose. Cloning and characterization of a novel Arabidopsis gene family, UXS, encoding soluble and putative membrane-bound UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase isoforms. Plant Physiol. 130: 2188-2198 (2002).

Hausler RE, Schlieben NH, Schulz B, Flugge UI. Compensation of decreased triose phosphate/phosphate translocator activity by accelerated starch turnover and glucose transport in transgenic tobacco. Planta 204: 366-376 (1998).

Hendriks JH, Kolbe A, Gibon Y, Stitt M, Geigenberger P. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is activated by posttranslational redox-modification in response to light and to sugars in leaves of Arabidopsis and other plant species. Plant Physiol. 133: 838-849 (2003).

Hennen-Bierwagen TA, Lin Q, Grimaud F, Planchot V, Keeling PL, James MG, Myers AM. Proteins from multiple metabolic pathways associate with starch biosynthetic enzymes in high molecular weight complexes: a model for regulation of carbon allocation in maize amyloplasts. Plant Physiol. 149: 1541-1559 (2009).

Hwang SK, Salamone PR, Okita TW. Allosteric regulation of the higher plant ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a product of synergy between the two subunits. FEBS Lett. 579: 983-990 (2005).

Iglesias AA, Charng YY, Ball S, Preiss J. Characterization of the kinetic, regulatory, and structural properties of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol. 104: 1287-1294 (1994).

Imai T, Ban Y, Terakami S, Yamamoto T, Moriguchi T. L-Ascorbate biosynthesis in peach: cloning of six L-galactose pathway-related genes and their expression during peach fruit development. Physiol. Plant. 136: 139-149 (2009).

Johnson PE, Patron NJ, Bottrill AR, Dinges JR, Fahy BF, Parker ML, Waite DN, Denyer K. A low-starch barley mutant, Riso 16, lacking the cytosolic small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, reveals the importance of the cytosolic isoform and the identity of the plastidial small subunit. Plant Physiol. 131: 684-696 (2003).

Jossier M, Bouly JP, Meimoun P, Arjmand A, Lessard P, Hawley S, Grahame Hardie D, Thomas M. SnRK1 (SNF1-related kinase 1) has a central role in sugar and ABA signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 59: 316-328 (2009).

Kavakli IH, Kato C, Choi SB, Kim KH, Salamone PR, Ito H, Okita TW. Generation, characterization, and heterologous expression of wild-type and up-regulated forms of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Planta 215: 430-439 (2002).

Kawagoe Y, Kubo A, Satoh H, Takaiwa F, Nakamura Y. Roles of isoamylase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in starch granule synthesis in rice endosperm. Plant J. 42: 164-174 (2005).

Keller R, Renz FS, Kossmann J. Antisense inhibition of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase reduces the ascorbate content in transgenic plants leading to developmental changes during senescence. Plant J. 19: 131-141 (1999).

Kim YS, Nosaka K, Downs DM, Kwak JM, Park D, Chung IK, Nam HG. A Brassica cDNA clone encoding a bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/thiamin-phosphate pyrophosphorylase involved in thiamin biosynthesis. Plant Mol. Biol. 37: 955-966 (1998).

Klaus D, Ohlrogge JB, Neuhaus HE, Dormann P. Increased fatty acid production in potato by engineering of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Planta 219: 389-396 (2004).

Kleczkowski LA, Geisler M, Ciereszko I, Johansson H. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. An old protein with new tricks. Plant Physiol. 134: 912-918 (2004).

Kolbe A, Oliver SN, Fernie AR, Stitt M, van Dongen JT, Geigenberger P. Combined transcript and metabolite profiling of Arabidopsis leaves reveals fundamental effects of the thiol-disulfide status on plant metabolism. Plant Physiol. 141: 412-422 (2006).

Kortstee AJ, Appeldoorn NJ, Oortwijn ME, Visser RG. Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives. Planta 226: 929-939 (2007).

Kram AM, Oostergetel GT, Van Bruggen E. Localization of branching enzyme in potato tuber cells with the use of immunoelectron microscopy. Plant Physiol. 101: 237-243 (1993).

Kwak MS, Oh MJ, Paek KH, Shin JS, Bae JM. Dissected effect of a transit peptide of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene from sweetpotato (ibAGP2) in increasing foreign protein accumulation. Plant Cell Rep. 27: 1359-1367 (2008).

Laisk A, Eichelmann H, Oja V. C3 photosynthesis in silico. Photosynth. Res. 90: 45-66 (2006).

Lalonde S, Morse D, Saini HS. Expression of a wheat ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene during development of normal and water-stress-affected anthers. Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 445-453 (1997).

Lee SK, Hwang SK, Han M, Eom JS, Kang HG, Han Y, Choi SB, Cho MH, Bhoo SH, An G, Hahn TR, Okita TW, Jeon JS. Identification of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase isoforms essential for starch synthesis in the leaf and seed endosperm of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Mol. Biol. 65: 531-546 (2007).

Li CR, Gan LJ, Xia K, Zhou X, Hew CS. Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO2 enrichment. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 369-377 (2002).

Li CY, Weiss D, Goldschmidt EE. Effects of carbohydrate starvation on gene expression in citrus root. Planta 217: 11-20 (2003).

Li CY, Weiss D, Goldschmidt EE. Girdling affects carbohydrate-related gene expression in leaves, bark and roots of alternate-bearing citrus trees. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 92: 137-143 (2003).

Li TH, Li SH. Leaf responses of micropropagated apple plants to water stress: nonstructural carbohydrate composition and regulatory role of metabolic enzymes. Tree Physiol. 25: 495-504 (2005).

Li WD, Duan W, Fan PG, Yan ST, Li SH. Photosynthesis in response to sink-source activity and in relation to end products and activities of metabolic enzymes in peach trees. Tree Physiol. 27: 1307-1318 (2007).

Lin Y, Ulanov AV, Lozovaya V, Widholm J, Zhang G, Guo J, Goodman HM. Genetic and transgenic perturbations of carbon reserve production in Arabidopsis seeds reveal metabolic interactions of biochemical pathways. Planta 225: 153-164 (2006).

Lindahl M, Florencio FJ. Thioredoxin-linked processes in cyanobacteria are as numerous as in chloroplasts, but targets are different. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100: 16107-16112 (2003).

Linebarger CR, Boehlein SK, Sewell AK, Shaw J, Hannah LC. Heat stability of maize endosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is enhanced by insertion of a cysteine in the N terminus of the small subunit. Plant Physiol. 139: 1625-1634 (2005).

Lloyd JR, Springer F, Buleon A, Muller-Rober B, Willmitzer L, Kossmann J. The influence of alterations in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activities on starch structure and composition in potato tubers. Planta 209: 230-238 (1999).

Loef I, Stitt M, Geigenberger P. Increased levels of adenine nucleotides modify the interaction between starch synthesis and respiration when adenine is supplied to discs from growing potato tubers. Planta 212: 782-791 (2001).

Martindale W, Leegood RC. Acclimation of photosynthesis to low temperature in Spinacia oleracea L. 1. Effects of acclimation on CO2 assimilation and carbon partitioning. J. Exp. Bot. 48: 1865-1872 (1997).

Meng M, Geisler M, Johansson H, Harholt J, Scheller HV, Mellerowicz EJ, Kleczkowski LA. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is not rate limiting, but is essential in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 50: 998-1011 (2009).

Miyazawa Y, Sakai A, Miyagishima Sy, Takano H, Kawano S, Kuroiwa T. Auxin and cytokinin have opposite effects on amyloplast development and the expression of starch synthesis genes in cultured bright yellow-2 tobacco cells. Plant Physiol. 121: 461-470 (1999).

Mu-Forster C, Huang R, Powers JR, Harriman RW, Knight M, Singletary GW, Keeling PL, Wasserman BP. Physical association of starch biosynthetic enzymes with starch granules of maize endosperm. Granule-associated forms of starch synthase I and starch branching enzyme II. Plant Physiol. 111: 821-829 (1996).

Muller R, Nilsson L, Nielsen LK, Nielsen TH. Interaction between phosphate starvation signalling and hexokinase-independent sugar sensing in Arabidopsis leaves. Physiol. Plant. 124: 81-90 (2005).

Nagai YS, Sakulsingharoj C, Edwards GE, Satoh H, Greene TW, Blakeslee B, Okita TW. Control of starch synthesis in cereals: metabolite analysis of transgenic rice expressing an up-regulated cytoplasmic ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in developing seeds. Plant Cell Physiol. 50: 635-643 (2009).

Nic Lochlainn L, Caffrey P. Phosphomannose isomerase and phosphomannomutase gene disruptions in Streptomyces nodosus: impact on amphotericin biosynthesis and implications for glycosylation engineering. Metab. Eng. 11: 40-47 (2009).

Nishi A, Nakamura Y, Tanaka N, Satoh H. Biochemical and genetic analysis of the effects of amylose-extender mutation in rice endosperm. Plant Physiol. 127: 459-472 (2001).

Ohdan T, Francisco PB Jr, Sawada T, Hirose T, Terao T, Satoh H, Nakamura Y. Expression profiling of genes involved in starch synthesis in sink and source organs of rice. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 3229-3244 (2005).

Okazaki Y, Shimojima M, Sawada Y, Toyooka K, Narisawa T, Mochida K, Tanaka H, Matsuda F, Hirai A, Hirai MY, Ohta H, Saito K. A chloroplastic UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Arabidopsis is the committed enzyme for the first step of sulfolipid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 21: 892-909 (2009).

Oliver SN, Tiessen A, Fernie AR, Geigenberger P. Decreased expression of plastidial adenylate kinase in potato tubers results in an enhanced rate of respiration and a stimulation of starch synthesis that is attributable to post-translational redox-activation of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. J. Exp. Bot. 59: 315-325 (2008).

Padilla L, Agosin E. Heterologous expression of Escherichia coli ppsA (phosphoenolpyruvate synthetase) and galU (UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum, and its impact on trehalose synthesis. Metab. Eng. 7: 260-268 (2005).

Parera CA, Cantliffe DJ, McCarty DR, Hannah LC. Improving vigor in shrunken-2 corn seedlings. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 121: 1069-1075 (1996).

Petreikov M, Shen S, Yeselson Y, Levin I, Bar M, Schaffer AA. Temporally extended gene expression of the ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase large subunit (AgpL1) leads to increased enzyme activity in developing tomato fruit. Planta 224: 1465-1479 (2006).

Poxton IR, Leak DJ. The biosynthesis of a choline nucleotide by a cell-free extract from Streptococcus pneumoniae. J. Gen. Microbiol. 100: 23-29 (1977).

Preiss J. ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase: basic science and applications in biotechnology. Biotechnol. Annu. Rev. 2: 259-279 (1996).

Prioul JL, Jeannette E, Reyss A, Gregory N, Giroux M, Hannah LC, Causse M. Expression of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in maize (Zea mays L.) grain and source leaf during grain filling. Plant Physiol. 104: 179-187 (1994).

Qu le Q, Takaiwa F. Evaluation of tissue specificity and expression strength of rice seed component gene promoters in transgenic rice. Plant Biotechnol. J. 2: 113-125 (2004).

Ral JP, Colleoni C, Wattebled F, Dauvillee D, Nempont C, Deschamps P, Li Z, Morell MK, Chibbar R, Purton S, d'Hulst C, Ball SG. Circadian clock regulation of starch metabolism establishes GBSSI as a major contributor to amylopectin synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol. 142: 305-317 (2006).

Rober M, Geider K, Muller-Rober B, Willmitzer L. Synthesis of fructans in tubers of transgenic starch-deficient potato plants does not result in an increased allocation of carbohydrates. Planta 199: 528-536 (1996).

Rolletschek H, Hajirezaei MR, Wobus U, Weber H. Antisense-inhibition of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in Vicia narbonensis seeds increases soluble sugars and leads to higher water and nitrogen uptake. Planta 214: 954-964 (2002).

Rolletschek H, Koch K, Wobus U, Borisjuk L. Positional cues for the starch/lipid balance in maize kernels and resource partitioning to the embryo. Plant J. 42: 69-83 (2005).

Roscher A, Emsley L, Raymond P, Roby C. Unidirectional steady state rates of central metabolism enzymes measured simultaneously in a living plant tissue. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 25053-25061 (1998).

Rosti S, Rudi H, Rudi K, Opsahl-Sorteberg HG, Fahy B, Denyer K. The gene encoding the cytosolic small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in barley endosperm also encodes the major plastidial small subunit in the leaves. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 3619-3626 (2006).

Sasaki H, Edo E, Uehara N, Ishimaru T, Kawamitsu Y, Suganuma S, Ueda D, Ohsugi R. Effect of sucrose on activity of starch synthesis enzymes in rice ears in culture. Physiol. Plant. 124: 301-310 (2005).

Scheible WR, Gonzalez-Fontes A, Lauerer M, Muller-Rober B, Caboche M, Stitt M. Nitrate acts as a signal to induce organic acid metabolism and repress starch metabolism in tobacco. Plant Cell 9: 783-798 (1997).

Schnurr JA, Storey KK, Jung HJ, Somers DA, Gronwald JW. UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase is essential for pollen development in Arabidopsis. Planta 224: 520-532 (2006).

Sergeeva LI, Vreugdenhil D. In situ staining of activities of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in plant tissues. J. Exp. Bot. 53: 361-370 (2002).

Shannon JC, Pien FM, Cao H, Liu KC. Brittle-1, an adenylate translocator, facilitates transfer of extraplastidial synthesized ADP-glucose into amyloplasts of maize endosperms. Plant Physiol. 117: 1235-1252 (1998).

Siedlecka A, Ciereszko I, Mellerowicz E, Martz F, Chen J, Kleczkowski LA. The small subunit ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ApS) promoter mediates okadaic acid-sensitive uidA expression in starch-synthesizing tissues and cells in Arabidopsis. Planta 217: 184-192 (2003).

Smidansky ED, Martin JM, Hannah LC, Fischer AM, Giroux MJ. Seed yield and plant biomass increases in rice are conferred by deregulation of endosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Planta 216: 656-664 (2003).

Smidansky ED, Meyer FD, Blakeslee B, Weglarz TE, Greene TW, Giroux MJ. Expression of a modified ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit in wheat seeds stimulates photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. Planta 225: 965-976 (2007).

Smith AM. Prospects for increasing starch and sucrose yields for bioethanol production. Plant J. 54: 546-558 (2008).

Souleyre EJF, Iannetta PPM, Ross HA, Hancock RD, Shepherd LVT, Viola R, Taylor MA, Davies HV. Starch metabolism in developing strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) fruits. Physiol. Plant. 121: 369-376 (2004).

Sowokinos JR, Spychalla JP, Desborough SL. Pyrophosphorylases in Solanum tuberosum. IV. Purification, tissue localization, and physicochemical properties of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Plant Physiol. 101: 1073-1080 (1993).

Sowokinos JR, Thomas C, Burrell MM. Pyrophosphorylases in potato. V. Allelic polymorphism of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in potato cultivars and its association with tuber resistance to sweetening in the cold. Plant Physiol. 113: 511-517 (1997).

Spielbauer G, Margl L, Hannah LC, Romisch W, Ettenhuber C, Bacher A, Gierl A, Eisenreich W, Genschel U. Robustness of central carbohydrate metabolism in developing maize kernels. Phytochemistry 67: 1460-1475 (2006).

Stitt M, Krapp A. The interaction between elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen nutrition: the physiological and molecular background. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 583-621 (1999).

Sun J, Okita TW, Edwards GE. Modification of carbon partitioning, photosynthetic capacity, and O2 sensitivity in Arabidopsis plants with low ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. Plant Physiol. 119: 267-276 (1999).

Sweetlove LJ, Burrell MM, ap Rees T. Characterization of transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers with increased ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase. Biochem. J. 320: 487-492 (1996).

Sweetlove LJ, Burrell MM, ap Rees T. Starch metabolism in tubers of transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) with increased ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase. Biochem. J. 320: 493-498 (1996).

Sweetlove LJ, Kruger NJ, Hill SA. Starch synthesis in transgenic potato tubers with increased 3-phosphoglyceric acid content as a consequence of increased 6-phosphofructokinase activity. Planta 213: 478-482 (2001).

Sweetlove LJ, Muller-Rober B, Willmitzer L, Hill SA. The contribution of adenosine 5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase to the control of starch synthesis in potato tubers. Planta 209: 330-337 (1999).

Sweetlove LJ, Tomlinson KL, Hill SA. The effect of exogenous sugars on the control of flux by adenosine 5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase in potato tuber discs. Planta 214: 741-750 (2002).

Tecsi LI, Maule AJ, Smith AM, Leegood RC. Metabolic alterations in cotyledons of Cucurbita pepo infected by cucumber mosaic virus. J. Exp. Bot. 45: 1541-1551 (1994).

Tetlow IJ, Davies EJ, Vardy KA, Bowsher CG, Burrell MM, Emes MJ. Subcellular localization of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase in developing wheat endosperm and analysis of the properties of a plastidial isoform. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 715-725 (2003).

Thevenot C, Simond-Cote E, Reyss A, Manicacci D, Trouverie J, Le Guilloux M, Ginhoux V, Sidicina F, Prioul JL. QTLs for enzyme activities and soluble carbohydrates involved in starch accumulation during grain filling in maize. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 945-958 (2005).

Thomas H, Ougham H, Canter P, Donnison I. What stay-green mutants tell us about nitrogen remobilization in leaf senescence. J. Exp. Bot. 53: 801-808 (2002).

Thyssen C, Schlichting R, Giersch C. The CO2-concentrating mechanism in the physiological context: lowering the CO2 supply diminishes culture growth and economises starch utilisation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Planta 213: 629-639 (2001).

Tiessen A, Hendriks JH, Stitt M, Branscheid A, Gibon Y, Farre EM, Geigenberger P. Starch synthesis in potato tubers is regulated by post-translational redox modification of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase: a novel regulatory mechanism linking starch synthesis to the sucrose supply. Plant Cell 14: 2191-2213 (2002).

Tiessen A, Prescha K, Branscheid A, Palacios N, McKibbin R, Halford NG, Geigenberger P. Evidence that SNF1-related kinase and hexokinase are involved in separate sugar-signalling pathways modulating post-translational redox activation of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in potato tubers. Plant J. 35: 490-500 (2003).

Trethewey RN, Riesmeier JW, Willmitzer L, Stitt M, Geigenberger P. Tuber-specific expression of a yeast invertase and a bacterial glucokinase in potato leads to an activation of sucrose phosphate synthase and the creation of a sucrose futile cycle. Planta 208: 227-238 (1999).

Ventriglia T, Kuhn ML, Ruiz MT, Ribeiro-Pedro M, Valverde F, Ballicora MA, Preiss J, Romero JM. Two Arabidopsis thaliana ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunits (APL1 and APL2) are catalytic. Plant Physiol. 148: 65-76 (2008).

Vigeolas H, Mohlmann T, Martini N, Neuhaus HE, Geigenberger P. Embryo-specific reduction of ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase leads to an inhibition of starch synthesis and a delay in oil accumulation in developing seeds of oilseed rape. Plant Physiol. 136: 2676-2686 (2004).

Walker RP, Leegood RC. Phosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in plants. Studies in plants with C4 photosynthesis and Crassulacean acid metabolism and in germinating seeds. Biochem. J. 317: 653-658 (1996).

Walker RP, Trevanion SJ, Leegood RC. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from higher plants - purification from cucumber and evidence of rapid proteolytic cleavage in extracts from a range of plant tissues. Planta 196: 58-63 (1995).

Weber H, Heim U, Borisjuk L, Wobus U. Cell-type specific, coordinate expression of two ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase genes in relation to starch biosynthesis during seed development of Vicia faba L. Planta 195: 352-361 (1995).

Weber H, Rolletschek H, Heim U, Golombek S, Gubatz S, Wobus U. Antisense-inhibition of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in developing seeds of Vicia narbonensis moderately decreases starch but increases protein content and affects seed maturation. Plant J. 24: 33-43 (2000).

Weigelt K, Kuster H, Rutten T, Fait A, Fernie AR, Miersch O, Wasternack C, Emery RJ, Desel C, Hosein F, Muller M, Saalbach I, Weber H. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase deficient pea embryos reveal specific transcriptional and metabolic changes of C:N metabolism and stress responses. Plant Physiol. 149: 395-411 (2009).

Welchen E, Chan RL, Gonzalez DH. Metabolic regulation of genes encoding cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 1605-1615 (2002).

Westram A, Lloyd JR, Roessner U, Riesmeier JW, Kossmann J. Increases of 3-phosphoglyceric acid in potato plants through antisense reduction of cytoplasmic phosphoglycerate mutase impairs photosynthesis and growth, but does not increase starch contents. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 1133-1143 (2002).

Wiedemuth K, Muller J, Kahlau A, Amme S, Mock HP, Grzam A, Hell R, Egle K, Beschow H, Humbeck K. Successive maturation and senescence of individual leaves during barley whole plant ontogeny reveals temporal and spatial regulation of photosynthetic function in conjunction with C and N metabolism. J. Plant Physiol. 162: 1226-1236 (2005).

Wingler A, Fritzius T, Wiemken A, Boller T, Aeschbacher RA. Trehalose induces the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene, ApL3, and starch synthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 124: 105-114 (2000).

Winkelmann T, Heintz D, Van Dorsselaer A, Serek M, Braun HP. Proteomic analyses of somatic and zygotic embryos of Cyclamen persicum Mill. reveal new insights into seed and germination physiology. Planta 224: 508-519 (2006).

Woo MO, Ham TH, Ji HS, Choi MS, Jiang W, Chu SH, Piao R, Chin JH, Kim JA, Park BS, Seo HS, Jwa NS, McCouch S, Koh HJ. Inactivation of the UGPase1 gene causes genic male sterility and endosperm chalkiness in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant J. 54: 190-204 (2008).

Xing JP, Li XY, Luo YY, Gianfagna TJ, Janes HW. Isolation and expression analysis of two tomato ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase S (large) subunit gene promoters. Plant Sci. 169: 882-893 (2005).

Yabuta Y, Mieda T, Rapolu M, Nakamura A, Motoki T, Maruta T, Yoshimura K, Ishikawa T, Shigeoka S. Light regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis is dependent on the photosynthetic electron transport chain but independent of sugars in Arabidopsis. J. Exp. Bot. 58: 2661-2671 (2007).

Yan S, Tang Z, Su W, Sun W. Proteomic analysis of salt stress-responsive proteins in rice root. Proteomics 5: 235-244 (2005).

Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, Xu G, Zhu Q. Activities of key enzymes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in wheat grains subjected to water deficit during grain filling. Plant Physiol. 135: 1621-1629 (2004).

Yin T, Wu H, Zhang S, Lu H, Zhang L, Xu Y, Chen D, Liu J. Two negative cis-regulatory regions involved in fruit-specific promoter activity from watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris S.). J. Exp. Bot. 60: 169-185 (2009).

Zabawinski C, Van den Koornhuyse N, D'Hulst C, Schlichting R, Giersch C, Delrue B, Lacroix JM, Preiss J, Ball S. Starchless mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lack the small subunit of a heterotetrameric ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. J. Bacteriol. 183: 1069-1077 (2001).

Zhang W, Lorence A, Gruszewski HA, Chevone BI, Nessler CL. AMR1, an Arabidopsis gene that coordinately and negatively regulates the mannose/l-galactose ascorbic acid biosynthetic pathway. Plant Physiol. 150: 942-950 (2009).

Zhu XG, de Sturler E, Long SP. Optimizing the distribution of resources between enzymes of carbon metabolism can dramatically increase photosynthetic rate: a numerical simulation using an evolutionary algorithm. Plant Physiol. 145: 513-526 (2007).

Number of references = 179

| PubMed Search | Entrez Protein Search | ISI Web of Knowledge Search | Scirus Search |

David Rhodes
Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture
Horticulture Building
625 Agriculture Mall Drive
Purdue University
West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010
Last Update: 10/01/09