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N Use By Plants
Nitrate Assimilation
Ammonia Assimilation
Glu, Gln, Asn, Gly, Ser
Aminotransferases
Asp, Ala, GABA
Val, Leu, Ileu, Thr, Lys
Pro, Arg, Orn
Polyamines
Non-protein AAs
Alkaloids
Sulfate Assimilation
Cys, Met, AdoMet, ACC
His, Phe, Tyr, Tryp
Secondary Products
Onium Compounds
Enzymes
Methods
Simulation
References
HORT640 - Metabolic Plant Physiology

References, nitrilase

Agerbirk N, Warwick SI, Hansen PR, Olsen CE. Sinapis phylogeny and evolution of glucosinolates and specific nitrile degrading enzymes. Phytochemistry 69: 2937-2949 (2008).

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI. Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Planta 216: 841-853 (2003).

Ando S, Tsushima S, Kamachi S, Konagaya KI, Tabei Y. Alternative transcription initiation of the nitrilase gene (BrNIT2) caused by infection with Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron. in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.). Plant Mol. Biol. 68: 557-569 (2008).

Bartel B, Fink GR. Differential regulation of an auxin-producing nitrilase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91: 6649-6653 (1994).

Bartling D, Seedorf M, Mithofer A, Weiler EW. Cloning and expression of an Arabidopsis nitrilase which can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indole-3-acetic acid. Eur. J. Biochem. 205: 417-424 (1992).

Bartling D, Seedorf M, Schmidt RC, Weiler EW. Molecular characterization of two cloned nitrilases from Arabidopsis thaliana: key enzymes in biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91: 6021-6025 (1994).

Bennett RN, Wenke T, Freudenberg B, Mellon FA, Ludwig-Muller J. The tu8 mutation of Arabidopsis thaliana encoding a heterochromatin protein 1 homolog causes defects in the induction of secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Plant Biol. (Stuttg.) 7: 348-357 (2005).

Celenza JL. Metabolism of tyrosine and tryptophan - new genes for old pathways. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4: 234-240 (2001).

Dixon DP, Skipsey M, Grundy NM, Edwards R. Stress-induced protein S-glutathionylation in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 138: 2233-2244 (2005).

Dohmoto M, Sano J, Tsunoda H, Yamaguchi K. Structural analysis of the TNIT4 genes encoding nitrilase-like protein from tobacco. DNA Res. 6: 313-317 (1999).

Dohmoto M, Tsunoda H, Isaji G, Chiba R, Yamaguchi K. Genes encoding nitrilase-like proteins from tobacco. DNA Res. 7: 283-289 (2000).

Gerdes SY, Kurnasov OV, Shatalin K, Polanuyer B, Sloutsky R, Vonstein V, Overbeek R, Osterman AL. Comparative genomics of NAD biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. J. Bacteriol. 188: 3012-3023 (2006).

Grsic-Rausch S, Kobelt P, Siemens JM, Bischoff M, Ludwig-Muller J. Expression and localization of nitrilase during symptom development of the clubroot disease in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 122: 369-378 (2000).

Gubitz GM, Paulo AC. New substrates for reliable enzymes: enzymatic modification of polymers. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 14: 577-582 (2003).

Hillebrand H, Bartling D, Weiler EW. Structural analysis of the nit2/nit1/nit3 gene cluster encoding nitrilases, enzymes catalyzing the terminal activation step in indole-acetic acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 89-99 (1998).

Hillebrand H, Tiemann B, Hell R, Bartling D, Weiler EW. Structure of the gene encoding nitrilase 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Gene 170: 197-200 (1996).

Howden AJ, Harrison CJ, Preston GM. A conserved mechanism for nitrile metabolism in bacteria and plants. Plant J. 57: 243-253 (2009).

Kobayashi M, Izui H, Nagasawa T, Yamada H. Nitrilase in biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid from indole-3-acetonitrile: cloning of the Alcaligenes gene and site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90: 247-251 (1993).

Kriechbaumer V, Park WJ, Piotrowski M, Meeley RB, Gierl A, Glawischnig E. Maize nitrilases have a dual role in auxin homeostasis and beta-cyanoalanine hydrolysis. J. Exp. Bot. 58: 4225-4233 (2007).

Kutz A, Muller A, Hennig P, Kaiser WM, Piotrowski M, Weiler EW. A role for nitrilase 3 in the regulation of root morphology in sulphur-starving Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 30: 95-106 (2002).

Muller A, Hillebrand H, Weiler EW. Indole-3-acetic acid is synthesized from L-tryptophan in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 206: 362-369 (1998).

Muller A, Weiler EW. IAA-synthase, an enzyme complex from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyzing the formation of indole-3-acetic acid from (S)-tryptophan. Biol. Chem. 381: 679-686 (2000).

Normanly J, Grisafi P, Fink GR, Bartel B. Arabidopsis mutants resistant to the auxin effects of indole-3-acetonitrile are defective in the nitrilase encoded by the NIT1 gene. Plant Cell 9: 1781-1790 (1997).

Park WJ, Kriechbaumer V, Muller A, Piotrowski M, Meeley RB, Gierl A, Glawischnig E. The nitrilase ZmNIT2 converts indole-3-acetonitrile to indole-3-acetic acid. Plant Physiol. 133: 794-802 (2003).

Piotrowski M. Primary or secondary? Versatile nitrilases in plant metabolism. Phytochemistry 69: 2655-2667 (2008).

Piotrowski M, Schonfelder S, Weiler EW. The Arabidopsis thaliana isogene NIT4 and its orthologs in tobacco encode beta-cyano-L-alanine hydratase/nitrilase. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 2616-2621 (2001).

Piotrowski M, Volmer JJ. Cyanide metabolism in higher plants: cyanoalanine hydratase is a NIT4 homolog. Plant Mol. Biol. 61: 111-122 (2006).

Pollmann S, Muller A, Piotrowski M, Weiler EW. Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 216: 155-161 (2002).

Quirino BF, Normanly J, Amasino RM. Diverse range of gene activity during Arabidopsis thaliana leaf senescence includes pathogen-independent induction of defense-related genes. Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 267-278 (1999).

Schmidt RC, Muller A, Hain R, Bartling D, Weiler EW. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase II enzyme. Plant J. 9: 683-691 (1996).

Vorwerk S, Biernacki S, Hillebrand H, Janzik I, Muller A, Weiler EW, Piotrowski M. Enzymatic characterization of the recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase subfamily encoded by the NIT2/NIT1/NIT3-gene cluster. Planta 212: 508-516 (2001).

Wang P, VanEtten HD. Cloning and properties of a cyanide hydratase gene from the phytopathogenic fungus Gloeocercospora sorghi. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187: 1048-1054 (1992).

Xu P, Narasimhan ML, Samson T, Coca MA, Huh GH, Zhou J, Martin GB, Hasegawa PM, Bressan RA. A nitrilase-like protein interacts with GCC box DNA-binding proteins involved in ethylene and defense responses. Plant Physiol. 118: 867-974 (1998).

Zhao Y, Hull AK, Gupta NR, Goss KA, Alonso J, Ecker JR, Normanly J, Chory J, Celenza JL. Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis: involvement of cytochrome P450s CYP79B2 and CYP79B3. Genes Dev. 16: 3100-3112 (2002).

Number of references = 34

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