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N Use By Plants
Nitrate Assimilation
Ammonia Assimilation
Glu, Gln, Asn, Gly, Ser
Aminotransferases
Asp, Ala, GABA
Val, Leu, Ileu, Thr, Lys
Pro, Arg, Orn
Polyamines
Non-protein AAs
Alkaloids
Sulfate Assimilation
Cys, Met, AdoMet, ACC
His, Phe, Tyr, Tryp
Secondary Products
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References
HORT640 - Metabolic Plant Physiology

References, leu3 or leu-3

Armaleo D, Fischer M, Gross SR. Effect of alpha-isopropylmalate on the synthesis of RNA and protein in Neurospora. Mol. Gen. Genet. 200: 346-349 (1985).

Bai YL, Kohlhaw GB. Manipulation of the 'zinc cluster' region of transcriptional activator LEU3 by site-directed mutagenesis. Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 5991-5997 (1991).

Belin C, de Franco PO, Bourbousse C, Chaignepain S, Schmitter JM, Vavasseur A, Giraudat J, Barbier-Brygoo H, Thomine S. Identification of features regulating OST1 kinase activity and OST1 function in guard cells. Plant Physiol. 141: 1316-1327 (2006).

Bergkamp RJ, Geerse RH, Verbakel JM, Musters W, Planta RJ. Cloning and disruption of the LEU2 gene of Kluyveromyces marxianus CBS 6556. Yeast 7: 963-970 (1991).

Brisco PR, Cunningham TS, Kohlhaw GB. Cloning, disruption and chromosomal mapping of yeast LEU3, a putative regulatory gene. Genetics 115: 91-99 (1987).

Brisco PR, Kohlhaw GB. Regulation of yeast LEU2. Total deletion of regulatory gene LEU3 unmasks GCN4-dependent basal level expression of LEU2. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 11667-11675 (1990).

Chary P, Dillon D, Schroeder AL, Natvig DO. Superoxide dismutase (sod-1) null mutants of Neurospora crassa: oxidative stress sensitivity, spontaneous mutation rate and response to mutagens. Genetics 137: 723-730 (1994).

De Boer M, Bebelman JP, Goncalves PM, Maat J, Van Heerikhuizen H, Planta RJ. Regulation of expression of the amino acid transporter gene BAP3 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Microbiol. 30: 603-613 (1998).

Didion T, Grausland M, Kielland-Brandt C, Andersen HA. Amino acids induce expression of BAP2, a branched-chain amino acid permease gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Bacteriol. 178: 2025-2029 (1996).

Friden P, Reynolds C, Schimmel P. A large internal deletion converts yeast LEU3 to a constitutive transcriptional activator. Mol. Cell Biol. 9: 4056-4060 (1989).

Friden P, Schimmel P. LEU3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae activates multiple genes for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis by binding to a common decanucleotide core sequence. Mol. Cell Biol. 8: 2690-2697 (1988).

Friden P, Schimmel P. LEU3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a factor for control of RNA levels of a group of leucine-specific genes. Mol. Cell Biol. 7: 2708-2717 (1987).

Fruscoloni P, Zamboni M, Panetta G, De Paolis A, Tocchini-Valentini GP. Mutational analysis of the transcription start site of the yeast tRNA(Leu3) gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 2914-2918 (1995).

Guo H, Kohlhaw GB. Regulation of transcription in mammalian cells by yeast Leu3p and externally supplied inducer. FEBS Lett. 390: 191-195 (1996).

Hellauer K, Rochon MH, Turcotte B. A novel DNA binding motif for yeast zinc cluster proteins: the Leu3p and Pdr3p transcriptional activators recognize everted repeats. Mol. Cell Biol. 16: 6096-6102 (1996).

Hu Y, Cooper TG, Kohlhaw GB. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Leu3 protein activates expression of GDH1, a key gene in nitrogen assimilation. Mol. Cell Biol. 15: 52-57 (1995).

Hu Y, Kohlhaw GB. Additive activation of yeast LEU4 transcription by multiple cis elements. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 5270-5275 (1995).

Jarai G, Yagmai B, Fu YH, Marzluf GA. Regulation of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis in Neurospora crassa: cloning and characterization of the leu-1 and ilv-3 genes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 224: 383-388 (1990).

Kidd GL, Gross SR. Specific regulatory interconnection between the leucine and histidine pathways of Neurospora crassa. J. Bacteriol. 158: 121-127 (1984).

Kirkpatrick CR, Schimmel P. Detection of leucine-independent DNA site occupancy of the yeast Leu3p transcriptional activator in vivo. Mol. Cell Biol. 15: 4021-4030 (1995).

Mamane Y, Hellauer K, Rochon MH, Turcotte B. A linker region of the yeast zinc cluster protein leu3p specifies binding to everted repeat DNA. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 18556-18561 (1998).

Mary A, Kidd GL, Gross SR. The response time of transcription and translation of the leu-2 gene of Neurospora to its inducer, alpha-isopropylmalate, approaches the permissible minimum. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 161: 1286-1290 (1989).

Matsuoka K, Nakamura K. Large alkyl side-chains of isoleucine and leucine in the NPIRL region constitute the core of the vacuolar sorting determinant of sporamin precursor. Plant Mol. Biol. 41: 825-835 (1999).

Noel J, Turcotte B. Zinc cluster proteins Leu3p and Uga3p recognize highly related but distinct DNA targets. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 17463-17468 (1998).

Raymond GJ, Johnson JD. The 5'-flanking sequence of yeast tRNA(Leu3) genes enhances the rate of transcription from stable pre-initiation complexes. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 9881-9894 (1987).

Remboutsika E, Kohlhaw GB. Molecular architecture of a Leu3p-DNA complex in solution: a biochemical approach. Mol. Cell Biol. 14: 5547-5457 (1994).

Shi D, Morizono H, Aoyagi M, Tuchman M, Allewell NM. Crystal structure of human ornithine transcarbamylase complexed with carbamoyl phosphate and L-norvaline at 1.9 A resolution. Proteins 39: 271-277 (2000).

Shi D, Sagar V, Jin Z, Yu X, Caldovic L, Morizono H, Allewell NM, Tuchman M. The crystal structure of N-acetyl-L-glutamate synthase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae provides insights into mechanisms of catalysis and regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 7176-7184 (2008).

Sze JY, Kohlhaw GB. Purification and structural characterization of transcriptional regulator Leu3 of yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 2505-2512 (1993).

Sze JY, Remboutsika E, Kohlhaw GB. Transcriptional regulator Leu3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: separation of activator and repressor functions. Mol. Cell Biol. 13: 5702-5709 (1993).

Sze JY, Woontner M, Jaehning JA, Kohlhaw GB. In vitro transcriptional activation by a metabolic intermediate: activation by Leu3 depends on alpha-isopropylmalate. Science 258: 1143-1145 (1992).

Todd RB, Andrianopoulos A. Evolution of a fungal regulatory gene family: the Zn(II)2Cys6 binuclear cluster DNA binding motif. Fungal Genet. Biol. 21: 388-405 (1997).

Tu H, Casadaban MJ. The upstream activating sequence for L-leucine gene regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 3923-3931 (1990).

Wade PA, Jaehning JA. Transcriptional corepression in vitro: a Mot1p-associated form of TATA-binding protein is required for repression by Leu3p. Mol. Cell Biol. 16: 1641-1648 (1996).

Wang D, Hu Y, Zheng F, Zhou K, Kohlhaw GB. Evidence that intramolecular interactions are involved in masking the activation domain of transcriptional activator Leu3p. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 19383-19392 (1997).

Witte MM, Dickson RC. The C6 zinc finger and adjacent amino acids determine DNA-binding specificity and affinity in the yeast activator proteins LAC9 and PPR1. Mol. Cell Biol. 10: 5128-5137 (1990).

Xiao W, Rank GH. Branched chain amino acid regulation of the ILV2 locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genome 33: 596-603 (1990).

Zhou K, Brisco PR, Hinkkanen AE, Kohlhaw GB. Structure of yeast regulatory gene LEU3 and evidence that LEU3 itself is under general amino acid control. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 5261-5273 (1987).

Zhou KM, Bai YL, Kohlhaw GB. Yeast regulatory protein LEU3: a structure-function analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 291-298 (1990).

Zhou KM, Kohlhaw GB. Transcriptional activator LEU3 of yeast. Mapping of the transcriptional activation function and significance of activation domain tryptophans. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 17409-17412 (1990).

Number of references = 40

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