Anderson LE, Carol AA. Enzyme co-localization in the pea leaf cytosol: 3-P-glycerate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase, triose-P isomerase and aldolase. Plant Sci. 169: 620-628 (2005).

Antoniewicz MR, Kelleher JK, Stephanopoulos G. Determination of confidence intervals of metabolic fluxes estimated from stable isotope measurements. Metab. Eng. 8: 324-337 (2006).

Antoniewicz MR, Kelleher JK, Stephanopoulos G. Elementary metabolite units (EMU): a novel framework for modeling isotopic distributions. Metab. Eng. 9: 68-86 (2007).

Antoniewicz MR, Stephanopoulos G, Kelleher JK. Evaluation of regression models in metabolic physiology: predicting fluxes from isotopic data without knowledge of the pathway. Metabolomics 2: 41-52 (2006).

Aon JC, Cortassa S. Involvement of nitrogen metabolism in the triggering of ethanol fermentation in aerobic chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab. Eng. 3: 250-264 (2001).

Arai K, Lee K, Berthiaume F, Tompkins RG, Yarmush ML. Intrahepatic amino acid and glucose metabolism in a D-galactosamine-induced rat liver failure model. Hepatology 34: 360-371 (2001).

Bago B, Pfeffer PE, Douds Jr DD, Brouillette J, Becard G, Shachar-Hill Y. Carbon metabolism in spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices as revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Plant Physiol. 121: 263-272 (1999).

Baker DH. Comparative nutrition and metabolism: explication of open questions with emphasis on protein and amino acids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102: 17897-1902 (2005).

Bardey V, Vallet C, Robas N, Charpentier B, Thouvenot B, Mougin A, Hajnsdorf E, Regnier P, Springer M, Branlant C. Characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in the differential production of erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase and class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase in Escherichia coli. Mol. Microbiol. 57: 1265-1287 (2005).

Barry RC, Young MJ, Stedman KM, Dratz EA. Proteomic mapping of the hyperthermophilic and acidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. Electrophoresis 27: 2970-2983 (2006).

Beylot M, Previs SF, David F, Brunengraber H. Determination of the C-13 labeling pattern of glucose by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem. 212: 526-531 (1993).

Bibiano Melo JF, Lundstedt LM, Meton I, Baanante IV, Moraes G. Effects of dietary levels of protein on nitrogenous metabolism of Rhamdia quelen (Teleostei: Pimelodidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Mol. Integr. Physiol. 145: 181-187 (2006).

Botha AM, Botha FC. Induction of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cotyledons coincides with insufficient cytosolic D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase to sustain gluconeogenesis. Plant Physiol. 101: 1385-1390 (1993).

Byun YJ, Kim HJ, Lee DH. LongSAGE analysis of the early response to cold stress in Arabidopsis leaf. Planta 229: 1181-1200 (2009).

Calik P, Akbay A. Mass flux balance-based model and metabolic flux analysis for collagen synthesis in the fibrogenesis process of human liver. Med. Hypotheses 55: 5-14 (2000).

Calik P, Calik G, Taka S, Ozdamar TH. Metabolic flux analysis for serine alkaline protease fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis in a defined medium: effects of the oxygen transfer rate. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 64: 151-167 (1999).

Carvalho RA, Jones JG, McGuirk C, Sherry AD, Malloy CR. Hepatic gluconeogenesis and Krebs cycle fluxes in a CCl(4) model of acute liver failure. NMR Biomed. 15: 45-51 (2002).

Chan C, Berthiaume F, Lee K, Yarmush ML. Metabolic flux analysis of cultured hepatocytes exposed to plasma. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 81: 33-49 (2003).

Chan C, Berthiaume F, Lee K, Yarmush ML. Metabolic flux analysis of hepatocyte function in hormone- and amino acid-supplemented plasma. Metab. Eng. 5: 1-15 (2003).

Chen ZH, Walker RP, Acheson RM, Tecsi LI, Wingler A, Lea PJ, Leegood RC. Are isocitrate lyase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase involved in gluconeogenesis during senescence of barley leaves and cucumber cotyledons? Plant Cell Physiol. 41: 960-967 (2000).

Chen ZH, Walker RP, Tecsi LI, Lea PJ, Leegood RC. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cucumber plants is increased both by ammonium and by acidification, and is present in the phloem. Planta 219: 48-58 (2004).

Choi JH, Park MJ, Kim KW, Choi YH, Park SH, An WG, Yang US, Cheong J. Molecular mechanism of hypoxia-mediated hepatic gluconeogenesis by transcriptional regulation. FEBS Lett. 579: 2795-2801 (2005).

Conjard A, Komaty O, Delage H, Boghossian M, Martin M, Ferrier B, Baverel G. Inhibition of glutamine synthetase in the mouse kidney - A novel mechanism of adaptation to metabolic acidosis. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 38159-38166 (2003).

Cornah JE, Germain V, Ward JL, Beale MH, Smith SM. Lipid utilization, gluconeogenesis and seedling growth in Arabidopsis mutants lacking the glyoxylate cycle enzyme malate synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 42916-42923 (2004).

Cornish-Bowden A, Hofmeyr JH. Determination of control coefficients in intact metabolic systems. Biochem. J. 298: 367-375 (1994).

Cramer GR, Ergul A, Grimplet J, Tillett RL, Tattersall EA, Bohlman MC, Vincent D, Sonderegger J, Evans J, Osborne C, Quilici D, Schlauch KA, Schooley DA, Cushman JC. Water and salinity stress in grapevines: early and late changes in transcript and metabolite profiles. Funct. Integr. Genomics 7: 111-134 (2007).

Cushman JC, Bohnert HJ. Crassulacean acid metabolism: molecular genetics. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 50: 305-332 (1999).

Cushman JC, Tillett RL, Wood JA, Branco JM, Schlauch KA. Large-scale mRNA expression profiling in the common ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, performing C3 photosynthesis and Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). J. Exp. Bot. 59: 1875-1894 (2008).

de Meer K, Roef MJ, Kulik W, Jakobs C. In vivo research with stable isotopes in biochemistry, nutrition and clinical medicine: an overview. Isotopes in Environ. & Health Studies 35: 19-37 (1999).

Deborde C, Rolin DB, Boyaval P. In vivo 13C NMR study of the bidirectional reactions of the Wood-Werkman cycle and around the pyruvate node in Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii and Propionibacterium acidipropionici. Metab. Eng. 1: 309-319 (1999).

Des Rosiers C, Di Donato L, Comte B, Laplante A, Marcoux C, David F, Fernandez CA, Brunengraber H. Isotopomer analysis of citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis in rat liver. Reversibility of isocitrate dehydrogenase and involvement of ATP-citrate lyase in gluconeogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 10027-10036 (1995).

Di Donato L, Des Rosiers C, Montgomery JA, David F, Garneau M, Brunengraber H. Rates of gluconeogenesis and citric acid cycle in perfused livers, assessed from the mass spectrometric assay of the 13C labeling pattern of glutamate. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 4170-4180 (1993).

Dieuaide-Noubhani M, Canioni P, Raymond P. Sugar starvation induced changes of carbon metabolism in excised maize root tips. Plant Physiol. 115: 1505-1513 (1997).

Dolle A. Metabolism of D- and L-[13C]alanine in rat liver detected by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy in vivo and in vitro. NMR Biomed. 13: 72-81 (2000).

Dugelay S, Chauvin MF, Megnin-Chanet F, Martin G, Lareal MC, Lhoste JM, Baverel G. Acetate stimulates flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle in rabbit renal proximal tubules synthesizing glutamine from alanine: a 13C nmr study. Biochem. J. 342: 555-566 (1999).

Eastmond PJ, Jones RL. Hormonal regulation of gluconeogenesis in cereal aleurone is strongly cultivar-dependent and gibberellin action involves SLENDER1 but not GAMYB. Plant J. 44: 483-493 (2005).

Eckardt NA. Peroxisomal citrate synthase provides exit route from fatty acid metabolism in oilseeds. Plant Cell 17: 1863-1865 (2005).

Escher CL, Widmer F. Lipid mobilization and gluconeogenesis in plants: do glyoxylate cycle enzyme activities constitute a real cycle? A hypothesis. Biol. Chem. 378: 803-813 (1997).

Fernandez CA, Des Rosiers C. Modeling of liver citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis based on 13C mass isotopomer distribution analysis of intermediates. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 10037-10042 (1995).

Fisslthaler B, Meyer G, Bohnert HJ, Schmitt JM. Age-dependent induction of pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. Planta 196: 492-500 (1995).

Flores CL, Rodriguez C, Petit T, Gancedo C. Carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism in non-conventional yeasts. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 24: 507-529 (2000).

Forsthoefel NR, Cushman MA, Cushman JC. Posttranscriptional and posttranslational control of enolase expression in the facultative Crassulacean acid metabolism plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. Plant Physiol. 108: 1185-1195 (1995).

Germain V, Rylott EL, Larson TR, Sherson SM, Bechtold N, Carde JP, Bryce JH, Graham IA, Smith SM. Requirement for 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase-2 in peroxisome development, fatty acid beta-oxidation and breakdown of triacylglycerol in lipid bodies of Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant J. 28: 1-12 (2001).

Gomez LD, Baud S, Gilday A, Li Y, Graham IA. Delayed embryo development in the ARABIDOPSIS TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 mutant is associated with altered cell wall structure, decreased cell division and starch accumulation. Plant J. 46: 69-84 (2006).

Graham IA. Seed storage oil mobilization. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 59: 115-142 (2008).

Hampp R, Hoffmann E, Schonherr K, Johann P, De Filippis L. Fusion and metabolism of plant cells as affected by microgravity. Planta 203 Suppl.: 42S-53S (1997).

Hanson RW, Reshef L. Regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) gene expression. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 66: 581-611 (1997).

Hasemann CA, Istvan ES, Uyeda K, Deisenhofer J. The crystal structure of the bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase reveals distinct domain homologies. Structure 4: 1017-1029 (1996).

Hausler N, Browning J, Merritt M, Storey C, Milde A, Jeffrey FM, Sherry AD, Malloy CR, Burgess SC. Effects of insulin and cytosolic redox state on glucose production pathways in the isolated perfused mouse liver by integrated 2H and 13C NMR. Biochem. J. 394: 465-473 (2006).

Hayashi M, De Bellis L, Alpi A, Nishimura M. Cytosolic aconitase participates in the glyoxylate cycle in etiolated pumpkin cotyledons. Plant Cell Physiol. 36: 669-680 (1995).

Hers HG, Hue L. Gluconeogenesis and related aspects of glycolysis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52: 617-653 (1983).

Iles RA, Beech JS, Burns SP, Cohen RD. Modelling metabolism in vivo: approaches using NMR. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 27: 289-294 (1999).

Karim Z, Attmane-Elakeb A, Bichara M. Renal handling of NH4+ in relation to the control of acid-base balance by the kidney. J. Nephrol. 15: S128-S134 (2002).

Karim Z, Szutkowska M, Vernimmen C, Bichara M. Renal handling of NH(3)/NH(4): recent concepts. Nephron Physiol. 101: p77-p81 (2005).

Katz J, Lee WNP, Wals PA, Bergner EA. Studies of glycogen synthesis and the Krebs cycle by mass isotopomer analysis with [U-13C]glucose in rats. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 12994-13004 (1989).

Katz J, Wals P, Lee WNP. Isotopomer studies of gluconeogenesis and the Krebs cycle with 13C-labeled lactate. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 25509-25521 (1993).

Koksharova O, Schubert M, Shestakov S, Cerff R. Genetic and biochemical evidence for distinct key functions of two highly divergent GAPDH genes in catabolic and anabolic carbon flow of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 183-194 (1998).

Kondo A, Nose A, Yuasa H, Ueno O. Species variation in the intracellular localization of pyruvate, Pi dikinase in leaves of Crassulacean-acid-metabolism plants: an immunogold electron-microscope study. Planta 210: 611-621 (2000).

Kowaloff EM, Phang JM, Granger AS, Downing SJ. Regulation of proline oxidase activity by lactate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74: 5368-5371 (1977).

Kuznetsova E, Proudfoot M, Gonzalez CF, Brown G, Omelchenko MV, Borozan I, Carmel L, Wolf YI, Mori H, Savchenko AV, Arrowsmith CH, Koonin EV, Edwards AM, Yakunin AF. Genome-wide analysis of substrate specificities of the Escherichia coli haloacid dehalogenase-like phosphatase family. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 36149-36161 (2006).

Lea PJ, Chen ZH, Leegood RC, Walker RP. Does phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase have a role in both amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism? Amino Acids 20: 225-241 (2001).

Lee K, Berthiaume F, Stephanopoulos GN, Yarmush DM, Yarmush ML. Metabolic flux analysis of postburn hepatic hypermetabolism. Metab. Eng. 2: 312-327 (2000).

Lee K, Berthiaume F, Stephanopoulos GN, Yarmush ML. Profiling of dynamic changes in hypermetabolic livers. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 83: 400-415 (2003).

Lin SS, Manchester JK, Gordon JI. Enhanced gluconeogenesis and increased energy storage as hallmarks of aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 36000-36007 (2001).

Malone S, Chen ZH, Bahrami AR, Walker RP, Gray JE, Leegood RC. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in Arabidopsis: changes in gene expression, protein and activity during vegetative and reproductive development. Plant Cell Physiol. 48: 441-450 (2007).

Martin FP, Wang Y, Sprenger N, Yap IK, Rezzi S, Ramadan Z, Pere-Trepat E, Rochat F, Cherbut C, van Bladeren P, Fay LB, Kochhar S, Lindon JC, Holmes E, Nicholson JK. Top-down systems biology integration of conditional prebiotic modulated transgenomic interactions in a humanized microbiome mouse model. Mol. Syst. Biol. 4: 205 (2008).

Meurice G, Bondon A, Deborde C, Boyaval P. Determination of metabolic fluxes during glucose catabolism in Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii. Meded. Rijksuniv. Gent. Fak. Landbouwkd. Toegep. Biol. Wet. 66: 219-225 (2001).

Mieskes G, Kuduz J, Soling HD. Are calcium-dependent protein kinases involved in the regulation of glycolytic/gluconeogenetic enzymes? Studies with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C. Eur. J. Biochem. 167: 383-389 (1987).

Monnot S, Serre V, Chadefaux-Vekemans B, Aupetit J, Romano S, De Lonlay P, Rival JM, Munnich A, Steffann J, Bonnefont JP. Structural insights on pathogenic effects of novel mutations causing pyruvate carboxylase deficiency. Hum. Mutat. 30: 734-740 (2009).

Neese RA, Hellerstein MK. Calculations for gluconeogenesis by mass isotopomer distribution analysis. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 14464-14466 (1995).

Neese RA, Schwarz J-M, Faix D, Turner S, Letscher A, Vu D, Hellerstein MK. Gluconeogenesis and intrahepatic triose phosphate flux in response to fasting or substrate loads. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 14452-14463 (1995).

Niersbach M, Kreuzaler F, Geerse RH, Postma PW, Hirsch HJ. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 ppsA gene, encoding PEP synthase. Mol. Gen. Genet. 231: 332-336 (1992).

Nijhout HF, Reed MC, Lam SL, Shane B, Gregory JF 3rd, Ulrich CM. In silico experimentation with a model of hepatic mitochondrial folate metabolism. Theor. Biol. Med. Model. 3: 40 (2006).

O'Fallon JV, Wright RW. Calculation of the pentose phosphate and Embden-Myerhoff pathways from a single incubation with [U-14C]- and [5-3H]glucose. Anal. Biochem. 162: 33-38 (1987).

Oracz K, El-Maarouf-Bouteau H, Kranner I, Bogatek R, Corbineau F, Bailly C. The mechanisms involved in seed dormancy alleviation by hydrogen cyanide unravel the role of reactive oxygen species as key factors of cellular signaling during germination. Plant Physiol. 150: 494-505 (2009).

Parsley K, Hibberd JM. The Arabidopsis PPDK gene is transcribed from two promoters to produce differentially expressed transcripts responsible for cytosolic and plastidic proteins. Plant Mol. Biol. 62: 339-349 (2006).

Pendini NR, Bailey LM, Booker GW, Wilce MC, Wallace JC, Polyak SW. Microbial biotin protein ligases aid in understanding holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1784: 973-982 (2008).

Penfield S, Li Y, Gilday AD, Graham S, Graham IA. Arabidopsis ABA INSENSITIVE4 regulates lipid mobilization in the embryo and reveals repression of seed germination by the endosperm. Plant Cell 18: 1887-1899 (2006).

Phillips JW, Jones ME, Berry MN. Implications of the simultaneous occurrence of hepatic glycolysis from glucose and gluconeogenesis from glycerol. Eur. J. Biochem. 269: 792-797 (2002).

Phue JN, Noronha SB, Hattacharyya R, Wolfe AJ, Shiloach J.. Glucose metabolism at high density growth of E. coli B and E. coli K: differences in metabolic pathways are responsible for efficient glucose utilization in E. coli B as determined by microarrays and Northern blot analyses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 90: 805-820 (2005).

Pilkis SJ, El-Maghrabi MR, McGrane M, Pilkis J, Claus TH. Regulation by glucagon of hepatic pyruvate kinase, 6-phosphofructo 1-kinase, and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Fed. Proc. 41: 2623-2628 (1982).

Plaxton WC. The organization and regulation of plant glycolysis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 47: 185-214 (1996).

Previs SF, Des Rosiers C, Beylot M, David F, Brunengraber H. Assay of the 13C and 2H mass isotopomer distribution of phosphoenolpyruvate by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 31: 643-648 (1996).

Previs SF, Hallowell PT, Neimanis KD, David F, Brunengraber H. Limitations of the mass isotopomer distribution analysis of glucose to study gluconeogenesis. Heterogeneity of glucose labeling in incubated hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 16853-16859 (1998).

Quettier AL, Shaw E, Eastmond PJ. SUGAR-DEPENDENT6 encodes a mitochondrial FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is required for glycerol catabolism and post-germinative seedling growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 148: 519-528 (2008).

Radchuk R, Radchuk V, Weschke W, Borisjuk L, Weber H. Repressing the expression of the SUCROSE NONFERMENTING-1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE gene in pea embryo causes pleiotropic defects of maturation similar to an abscisic acid-insensitive phenotype. Plant Physiol. 140: 263-278 (2006).

Reeds PJ, Berthold HK, Boza JJ, Burrin DG, Jahoor F, Jaksic T, Klein PD, Keshen T, Miller R, Stoll B, Wykes LJ. Integration of amino acid and carbon intermediary metabolism: studies with uniformly labeled tracers and mass isotopomer analysis. Eur. J. Pediatr. 156: S50-S58 (1997).

Running JA, Burlingame RP, Berry A. The pathway of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in the colourless microalga Prototheca moriformis. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 1841-1849 (2003).

Runquist M, Kruger NJ. Control of gluconeogenesis by isocitrate lyase in endosperm of germinating castor bean seedlings. Plant J. 19: 423-431 (1999).

Rylott EL, Gilday AD, Graham IA. The gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in Arabidopsis is essential for seedling establishment. Plant Physiol. 131: 1834-1842 (2003).

Sakagishi Y. Alanine aminotransferase. Nippon Rinsho 53: 1146-1150 (1995).

Salusjarvi L, Kankainen M, Soliymani R, Pitkanen JP, Penttila M, Ruohonen L. Regulation of xylose metabolism in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb. Cell Fact. 7: 18 (2008).

Schnarrenberger C, Martin W. Evolution of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle and the glyoxylate cycle of higher plants. A case study of endosymbiotic gene transfer. Eur. J. Biochem. 269: 868-883 (2002).

Sherry AD, Jeffrey FM, Malloy CR. Analytical solutions for (13)C isotopomer analysis of complex metabolic conditions: substrate oxidation, multiple pyruvate cycles, and gluconeogenesis. Metab. Eng. 6: 12-24 (2004).

Singh B, Rohm KH. Characterization of a Pseudomonas putida ABC transporter (AatJMQP) required for acidic amino acid uptake: biochemical properties and regulation by the Aau two-component system. Microbiology 154: 797-809 (2008).

Soboll S, Oh MH, Brown GC. Control of oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, ureagenesis and ATP turnover in isolated perfused rat liver analyzed by top-down metabolic control analysis. Eur. J. Biochem. 254: 194-201 (1998).

Stuckrath I, Lange HC, Kotter P, van Gulik WM, Entian KD, Heijnen JJ. Characterization of null mutants of the glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenic enzymes in S. cerevisiae through metabolic network modeling verified by chemostat cultivation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 77: 61-72 (2002).

Tatarko M, Romeo T. Disruption of a global regulatory gene to enhance central carbon flux into phenylalanine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Curr. Microbiol. 43: 26-32 (2001).

Tate R, Ferraioli S, Filosa S, Cermola M, Riccio A, Iaccarino M, Patriarca EJ. Glutamine utilization by Rhizobium etli. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 17: 720-728 (2004).

Thimm O, Essigmann B, Kloska S, Altmann T, Buckhout TJ. Response of Arabidopsis to iron deficiency stress as revealed by microarray analysis. Plant Physiol. 127: 1030-1043 (2001).

Thum KE, Shin MJ, Gutierrez RA, Mukherjee I, Katari MS, Nero D, Shasha D, Coruzzi GM. An integrated genetic, genomic and systems approach defines gene networks regulated by the interaction of light and carbon signaling pathways in Arabidopsis. BMC Syst. Biol. 2: 31 (2008).

Tonelli J, Kishore P, Lee DE, Hawkins M. The regulation of glucose effectiveness: how glucose modulates its own production. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 8: 450-456 (2005).

Trevanion SJ, Brooks AL, Leegood RC. Control of gluconeogenesis by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cotyledons of Cucurbita pepo L. Planta 196: 653-658 (1995).

Trevanion SJ, Brooks AL, Leegood RC. The effect of temperature on the growth and metabolism of germinating cotyledons of marrow (Cucurbita pepo L.). J. Plant Physiol. 145: 741-749 (1995).

Turner SM, Linfoot PA, Neese RA, Hellerstein MK. Sources of plasma glucose and liver glycogen in fasted ob/ob mice. Acta Diabetol. 42: 187-193 (2005).

van Dijk TH, van der Sluijs FH, Wiegman CH, Baller JF, Gustafson LA, Burger HJ, Herling AW, Kuipers F, Meijer AJ, Reijngoud DJ. Acute inhibition of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase does not affect gluconeogenesis but directs gluconeogenic flux toward glycogen in fasted rats. A pharmacological study with the chlorogenic acid derivative S4048. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 25727-25735 (2001).

Vercoutere B, Durozard D, Baverel G, Martin G. Complexity of glutamine metabolism in kidney tubules from fed and fasted rats. Biochem. J. 378: 485-495 (2004).

Wakisaka S, Ohshima Y, Ogawa M, Tochikura T, Tachiki T. Characteristics and efficiency of glutamine production by coupling of a bacterial glutamine synthetase reaction with the alcoholic fermentation system of baker's yeast. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 2952-2957 (1998).

Walker RP, Leegood RC. Phosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in plants. Studies in plants with C4 photosynthesis and Crassulacean acid metabolism and in germinating seeds. Biochem. J. 317: 653-658 (1996).

Wang R, Tischner R, Gutierrez RA, Hoffman M, Xing X, Chen M, Coruzzi G, Crawford NM. Genomic analysis of the nitrate response using a nitrate reductase-null mutant of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 136: 2512-2522 (2004).

Wei B, Shin S, LaPorte D, Wolfe AJ, Romeo T. Global regulatory mutations in csrA and rpoS cause severe central carbon stress in Escherichia coli in the presence of acetate. J. Bacteriol. 182: 1632-1640 (2000).

Wenzler M, Holscher D, Oerther T, Schneider B. Nectar formation and floral nectary anatomy of Anigozanthos flavidus: a combined magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. J. Exp. Bot. 59: 3425-3434 (2008).

Winiarska K, Bozko P, Lietz T, Bryla J. Importance of glutamate dehydrogenase stimulation for glucose and glutamine synthesis in rabbit renal tubules incubated with various amino acids. Acta Biochim. Pol. 45: 825-831 (1998).

Xue HH, Fujie M, Sakaguchi T, Oda T, Ogawa H, Kneer NM, Lardy HA, Ichiyama A. Flux of the L-serine metabolism in rat liver. The predominant contribution of serine dehydratase. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 16020-16027 (1999).

Xue HH, Sakaguchi T, Fujie M, Ogawa H, Ichiyama A. Flux of the L-serine metabolism in rabbit, human, and dog livers. Substantial contributions of both mitochondrial and peroxisomal serine:pyruvate/alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 16028-16033 (1999).

Yamada M, Feucht BU, Saier MH Jr. Regulation of gluconeogenesis by the glucitol enzyme III of the phosphotransferase system in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 169: 5416-5422 (1987).

Yang L, Kasumov T, Kombu RS, Zhu SH, Cendrowski AV, David F, Anderson VE, Kelleher JK, Brunengraber H. Metabolomic and mass isotopomer analysis of liver gluconeogenesis and citric acid cycle: II. Heterogeneity of metabolite labeling pattern. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 21988-21996 (2008).

Yang L, Kombu RS, Kasumov T, Zhu SH, Cendrowski AV, David F, Anderson VE, Kelleher JK, Brunengraber H. Metabolomic and mass isotopomer analysis of liver gluconeogenesis and citric acid cycle: I. Interrelation between gluconeogenesis and cataplerosis; formation of methoxamates from aminooxyacetate and ketoacids. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 21978-21987 (2008).

Yokoyama T, Banta S, Berthiaume F, Nagrath D, Tompkins RG, Yarmush ML. Evolution of intrahepatic carbon, nitrogen, and energy metabolism in a D-galactosamine-induced rat liver failure model. Metab. Eng. 7: 88-103 (2005).

Zamboni N, Maaheimo H, Szyperski T, Hohmann HP, Sauer UU. The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase also catalyzes C(3) carboxylation at the interface of glycolysis and the TCA cycle of Bacillus subtilis. Metab. Eng. 6: 277-284 (2004).

Zhang H, Sreenivasulu N, Weschke W, Stein N, Rudd S, Radchuk V, Potokina E, Scholz U, Schweizer P, Zierold U, Langridge P, Varshney RK, Wobus U, Graner A. Large-scale analysis of the barley transcriptome based on expressed sequence tags. Plant J. 40: 276-290 (2004).

Zupke C, Stephanopoulos G. Modeling of isotope distributions and intracellular fluxes in metabolic networks using atom mapping matrices. Biotechnol. Prog. 10: 489-498 (1994).

Number of references = 122