Abel S, Nguyen MD, Chow W, Theologis A. ACS4, a primary indoleacetic acid-responsive gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Structural characterization, expression in Escherichia coli, and expression characteristics in response to auxin. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 19093-19099 (1995).

Arteca JM, Arteca RN. A multi-responsive gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS6) in mature Arabidopsis leaves. Plant Mol. Biol. 39: 209-219 (1999).

Avni A, Bailey BA, Mattoo AK, Anderson JD. Induction of ethylene biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum by a Trichoderma viride xylanase is correlated to the accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase transcripts. Plant Physiol. 106: 1049-1055 (1994).

Baier M, Kandlbinder A, Golldack D, Dietz KJ. Oxidative stress and ozone: perception, signalling and response. Plant Cell Environ. 28: 1012-1020 (2005).

Balbi V, Lomax TL. Regulation of early tomato fruit development by the diageotropica gene. Plant Physiol. 131: 186-197 (2003).

Barry CS, Llop-Tous MI, Grierson D. The regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene expression during the transition from system-1 to system-2 ethylene synthesis in tomato. Plant Physiol. 123: 979-986 (2000).

Bekman EP, Saibo NJ, Di Cataldo A, Regalado AP, Ricardo CP, Rodrigues-Pousada C. Differential expression of four genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in Lupinus albus during germination, and in response to indole-3-acetic acid and wounding. Planta 211: 663-672 (2000).

Bhuiyan NH, Liu W, Liu G, Selvaraj G, Wei Y, King J. Transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the pathways of biosynthesis and supply of methyl units in response to powdery mildew attack and abiotic stresses in wheat. Plant Mol. Biol. 64: 305-318 (2007).

Bleecker AB, Kende H. Ethylene: A gaseous signal molecule in plants. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 16: 1-18 (2000).

Botella JR, Schlagnhaufer CD, Arteca JM, Arteca RN, Phillips AT. Identification of two new members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-encoding multigene family in mung bean. Gene 123: 249-253 (1993).

Boualem A, Fergany M, Fernandez R, Troadec C, Martin A, Morin H, Sari MA, Collin F, Flowers JM, Pitrat M, Purugganan MD, Dogimont C, Bendahmane A. A conserved mutation in an ethylene biosynthesis enzyme leads to andromonoecy in melons. Science 321: 836-838 (2008).

Buer CS, Sukumar P, Muday GK. Ethylene modulates flavonoid accumulation and gravitropic responses in roots of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 140: 1384-1396 (2006).

Bui AQ, O'Neill SD. Three 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes regulated by primary and secondary pollination signals in orchid flowers. Plant Physiol. 116: 419-428 (1998).

Capitani G, Hohenester E, Feng L, Storici P, Kirsch JF, Jansonius JN. Structure of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone ethylene. J. Mol. Biol. 294: 745-756 (1999).

Capitani G, Tschopp M, Eliot AC, Kirsch JF, Grutter MG. Structure of ACC synthase inactivated by the mechanism-based inhibitor L-vinylglycine. FEBS Lett. 579: 2458-2462 (2005).

Chae HS, Faure F, Kieber JJ. The eto1, eto2, and eto3 mutations and cytokinin treatment increase ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by increasing the stability of ACS protein. Plant Cell 15: 545-559 (2003).

Chae HS, Kieber JJ. Eto Brute? Role of ACS turnover in regulating ethylene biosynthesis. Trends Plant Sci. 10: 291-296 (2005).

Chang SC, Kim YS, Lee JY, Kaufman PB, Kirakosyan A, Yun HS, Kim TW, Kim SY, Cho MH, Lee JS, Kim SK. Brassinolide interacts with auxin and ethylene in the root gravitropic response of maize (Zea mays). Physiol. Plant. 121: 666-673 (2004).

Chen JC, Jiang CZ, Gookin TE, Hunter DA, Clark DG, Reid MS. Chalcone synthase as a reporter in virus-induced gene silencing studies of flower senescence. Plant Mol. Biol. 55: 521-530 (2004).

Chen N, Goodwin PH, Hsiang T. The role of ethylene during the infection of Nicotiana tabacum by Colletotrichum destructivum. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 2449-2456 (2003).

Christians MJ, Gingerich DJ, Hansen M, Binder BM, Kieber JJ, Vierstra RD. The BTB ubiquitin ligases ETO1, EOL1 and EOL2 act collectively to regulate ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by controlling type-2 ACC synthase levels. Plant J. 57: 332-345 (2009).

Coenen C, Christian M, Luthen H, Lomax TL. Cytokinin inhibits a subset of diageotropica-dependent primary auxin responses in tomato. Plant Physiol. 131: 1692-1704 (2003).

Dong L, Zhou HW, Sonego L, Lers A, Lurie S. Ripening of 'Red Rosa' plums: effect of ethylene and 1- methylcyclopropene. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 28: 1039-1045 (2001).

Dong W, Nowara D, Schweizer P. Protein polyubiquitination plays a role in basal host resistance of barley. Plant Cell 18: 3321-3331 (2006).

El-Sharkawy I, Jones B, Gentzbittel L, Lelievre JM, Pech JC, Latche A. Differential regulation of ACC synthase genes in cold-dependent and -independent ripening in pear fruit. Plant Cell Environ. 27: 1197-1210 (2004).

Felix G, Regenass M, Boller T. Sensing of osmotic pressure changes in tomato cells. Plant Physiol. 124: 1169-1180 (2000).

Feng L, Geck MK, Eliot AC, Kirsch JF. Aminotransferase activity and bioinformatic analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Biochemistry 39: 15242-15249 (2000).

Feng L, Kirsch JF. L-Vinylglycine is an alternative substrate as well as a mechanism-based inhibitor of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Biochemistry 39: 2436-2444 (2000).

Fernandez M, Cuadrado Y, Recio E, Aparicio JF, Martin JF. Characterization of the hom-thrC-thrB cluster in aminoethoxyvinylglycine-producing Streptomyces sp NRRL 5331. Microbiology 148: 1413-1420 (2002).

Fuhrer J, Kaur-Sawhney R, Shih LM, Galston AW. Effects of exogenous 1,3-diaminopropane and spermidine on senescence of oat leaves : II Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and possible mode of action. Plant Physiol. 70: 1597-1600 (1982).

Ge L, Liu JZ, Wong WS, Hsiao WLW, Chong K, Xu ZK, Yang SF, Kung SD, Li N. Identification of a novel multiple environmental factor-responsive 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene, NT-ACS2, from tobacco. Plant Cell Environ. 23: 1169-1182 (2000).

Genard M, Gouble B. ETHY. A theory of fruit climacteric ethylene emission. Plant Physiol. 139: 531-545 (2005).

Hansen H, Grossmann K. Auxin-induced ethylene triggers abscisic acid biosynthesis and growth inhibition. Plant Physiol. 124: 1437-1448 (2000).

He C, Finlayson SA, Drew MC, Jordan WR, Morgan PW. Ethylene biosynthesis during aerenchyma formation in roots of maize subjected to mechanical impedance and hypoxia. Plant Physiol. 112: 1679-1685 (1996).

Huai Q, Xia Y, Chen Y, Callahan B, Li N, Ke H. Crystal structures of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase in complex with aminoethoxyvinylglycine and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate provide new insight into catalytic mechanisms. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 38210-38216 (2001).

Hukkanen A, Kokko H, Buchala A, Hayrinen J, Karenlampi S. Benzothiadiazole affects the leaf proteome in arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus). Mol. Plant Pathol. 9: 799-808 (2008).

Huxtable S, Zhou H, Wong S, Li N. Renaturation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase expressed in Escherichia coli in the form of inclusion bodies into a dimeric and catalytically active enzyme. Protein Expr. Purif. 12: 305-314 (1998).

Jehnes S, Betz G, Bahnweg G, Haberer K, Sandermann H, Rennenberg H. Tree internal signalling and defence reactions under ozone exposure in sun and shade leaves of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees. Plant Biol. (Stuttg.) 9: 253-264 (2007).

Jia YJ, Kakuta Y, Sugawara M, Igarashi T, Oki N, Kisaki M, Shoji T, Kanetuna Y, Horita T, Matsui H, Honma M. Synthesis and degradation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid by Penicillium citrinum. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 63: 542-549 (1999).

Jones ML, Woodson WR. Differential expression of three members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in carnation. Plant Physiol. 119: 755-764 (1999).

Joo S, Liu Y, Lueth A, Zhang S. MAPK phosphorylation-induced stabilization of ACS6 protein is mediated by the non-catalytic C-terminal domain, which also contains the cis-determinant for rapid degradation by the 26S proteasome pathway. Plant J. 54: 129-140 (2008).

Joo S, Park KY, Kim WT. Light differentially regulates the expression of two members of the auxin-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings. Planta 218: 976-988 (2004).

Kamachi S, Sekimoto H, Kondo N, Sakai S. Cloning of a cDNA for a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase that is expressed during development of female flowers at the apices of Cucumis sativus L. Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 1197-1206 (1997).

Kangasjarvi J, Jaspers P, Kollist H. Signalling and cell death in ozone-exposed plants. Plant Cell Environ. 28: 1021-1036 (2005).

Kathiresan A, Miranda J, Chinnappa CC, Reid DM. gamma-Aminobutyric acid promotes stem elongation in Stellaria longipes: the role of ethylene. Plant Growth Reg. 26: 131-137 (1998).

Kathiresan A, Nagarathna KC, Moloney MM, Reid DM, Chinnappa CC. Differential regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family and its role in phenotypic plasticity in Stellaria longipes. Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 265-274 (1998).

Kathiresan A, Tung P, Chinnappa CC, Reid DM. gamma-Aminobutyric acid stimulates ethylene biosynthesis in sunflower. Plant Physiol. 115: 129-135 (1997).

Kato M, Hayakawa Y, Hyodo H, Ikoma Y, Yano M. Wound-induced ethylene synthesis and expression and formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase, ACC oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase in wounded mesocarp tissue of Cucurbita maxima. Plant Cell Physiol. 41: 440-447 (2000).

Katz E, Lagunes PM, Riov J, Weiss D, Goldschmidt EE. Molecular and physiological evidence suggests the existence of a system II-like pathway of ethylene production in non-climacteric Citrus fruit. Planta 219: 243-252 (2004).

Ketsa S, Bunya-atichart K, van Doorn WG. Ethylene production and post-pollination development in Dendrobium flowers treated with foreign pollen. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 28: 409-415 (2001).

Kim CY, Liu Y, Thorne ET, Yang H, Fukushige H, Gassmann W, Hildebrand D, Sharp RE, Zhang S. Activation of a stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade induces the biosynthesis of ethylene in plants. Plant Cell 15: 2707-2718 (2003).

Kim YS, Kim HS, Lee YH, Kim MS, Oh HW, Hahn KW, Joung H, Jeon JH. Elevated H2O2 production via overexpression of a chloroplastic Cu/ZnSOD gene of lily (Lilium oriental hybrid 'Marco Polo') triggers ethylene synthesis in transgenic potato. Plant Cell Rep. 27: 973-983 (2008).

Kitagawa M, Ito H, Shiina T, Nakamura N, Inakuma T, Kasumi T, Ishiguro Y, Yabe K, Ito Y. Characterization of tomato fruit ripening and analysis of gene expression in F-1 hybrids of the ripening inhibitor (rin) mutant. Physiol. Plant. 123: 331-338 (2005).

Ko S, Eliot AC, Kirsch JF. S-Methylmethionine is both a substrate and an inactivator of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 421: 85-90 (2004).

Koch KA, Capitani G, Gruetter MG, Kirsch JF. The human cDNA for a homologue of the plant enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase encodes a protein lacking that activity. Gene 272: 75-84 (2001).

Lay VJ, Prescott AG, Thomas PG, John P. Heterologous expression and site-directed mutagenesis of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase from kiwi fruit. Eur. J. Biochem. 242: 228-234 (1996).

Li JF, Qu LH, Li N. Tyr152 plays a central role in the catalysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 2203-2210 (2005).

Li N, Huxtable S, Yang SF, Kung SD. Effects of N-terminal deletions on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase activity. FEBS Lett. 378: 286-290 (1996).

Li N, Jiang XN, Cai GP, Yang SF. A novel bifunctional fusion enzyme catalyzing ethylene synthesis via 1-aminocyclopropane1-carboxylic acid. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 25738-25741 (1996).

Li Y, Feng L, Kirsch JF. Kinetic and spectroscopic investigations of wild-type and mutant forms of apple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Biochemistry 36: 15477-15488 (1997).

Liang X, Abel S, Keller JA, Shen NF, Theologis A. The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89: 11046-11050 (1992).

Liang X, Shen NF, Theologis A. Li(+)-regulated 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 10: 1027-1036 (1996).

Liu X, Shiomi S, Nakatsuka A, Kubo Y, Nakamura R, Inaba A. Characterization of ethylene biosynthesis associated with ripening in banana fruit. Plant Physiol. 121: 1257-1266 (1999).

Liu Y, Zhang S. Phosphorylation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase by MPK6, a stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase, induces ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 16: 3386-3399 (2004).

Madhaiyan M, Poonguzhali S, Ryu J, Sa T. Regulation of ethylene levels in canola (Brassica campestris) by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase-containing Methylobacterium fujisawaense. Planta 224: 268-278 (2006).

Matarasso N, Schuster S, Avni A. A novel plant cysteine protease has a dual function as a regulator of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene expression. Plant Cell 17: 1205-1216 (2005).

McCarthy DL, Capitani G, Feng L, Gruetter MG, Kirsch JF. Glutamate 47 in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase is a major specificity determinant. Biochemistry 40: 12276-12284 (2001).

Mehta PK, Christen P. Homology of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase, 2-amino-6-caprolactam racemase, 2,2-dialkylglycine decarboxylase, glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase ... with aminotransferases. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 198: 138-143 (1994).

Meyer T, Burow M, Bauer M, Papenbrock J. Arabidopsis sulfurtransferases: investigation of their function during senescence and in cyanide detoxification. Planta 217: 1-10 (2003).

Mita S, Kawamura S, Yamawaki K, Nakamura K, Hyodo H. Differential expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis and perception of ethylene during ripening of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). Plant Cell Physiol. 39: 1209-1217 (1998).

Moeder W, Barry CS, Tauriainen AA, Betz C, Tuomainen J, Utriainen M, Grierson D, Sandermann H, Langebartels C, Kangasjarvi J. Ethylene synthesis regulated by biphasic induction of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase genes is required for hydrogen peroxide accumulation and cell death in ozone-exposed tomato. Plant Physiol. 130: 1918-1926 (2002).

Motose H, Iwamoto K, Endo S, Demura T, Sakagami Y, Matsubayashi Y, Moore KL, Fukuda H. Involvement of phytosulfokine in the attenuation of stress response during the transdifferentiation of Zinnia mesophyll cells into tracheary elements. Plant Physiol. 150: 437-447 (2009).

Murayama H, Sekine D, Yamauchi Y, Gao M, Mitsuhashi W, Toyomasu T. Effect of girdling above the abscission zone of fruit on 'Bartlett' pear ripening on the tree. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 3679-3686 (2006).

Murray TA, McManus MT. Developmental regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene expression during leaf ontogeny in white clover. Physiol. Plant. 124: 107-120 (2005).

Nakajima N, Itoh T, Takikawa S, Asai N, Tamaoki M, Aono M, Kubo A, Azumi Y, Kamada H, Saji H. Improvement in ozone tolerance of tobacco plants with an antisense DNA for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 727-735 (2002).

Nakano R, Ogura E, Kubo Y, Inaba A. Ethylene biosynthesis in detached young persimmon fruit is initiated in calyx and modulated by water loss from the fruit. Plant Physiol. 131: 276-286 (2003).

Nakatsuka A, Murachi S, Okunishi H, Shiomi S, Nakano R, Kubo Y, Inaba A. Differential expression and internal feedback regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, and ethylene receptor genes in tomato fruit during development and ripening. Plant Physiol. 118: 1295-1305 (1998).

Nakatsuka A, Shiomi S, Kubo Y, Inaba A. Expression and internal feedback regulation of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes in ripening tomato fruit. Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 1103-1010 (1997).

Nunn AJ, Anegg S, Betz G, Simons S, Kalisch G, Seidlitz HK, Grams TEE, Haberle KH, Matyssek R, Bahnweg G, Sandermann H, Langebartels C. Role of ethylene in the regulation of cell death and leaf loss in ozone-exposed European beech. Plant Cell Environ. 28: 886-897 (2005).

Oetiker JH, Olson DC, Shiu OY, Yang SF. Differential induction of seven 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes by elicitor in suspension cultures of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 275-286 (1997).

Okazaki S, Sugawara M, Yuhashi K, Minamisawa K. Rhizobitoxine-induced chlorosis occurs in coincidence with methionine deficiency in soybeans. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 100: 55-59 (2007).

Peck SC, Kende H. A gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase produces two transcripts: elucidation of a conserved response. Plant J. 14: 573-581 (1998).

Peck SC, Kende H. Differential regulation of genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase in etiolated pea seedlings: effects of indole-3-acetic acid, wounding, and ethylene. Plant Mol. Biol. 38: 977-982 (1998).

Peng HP, Lin TY, Wang NN, Shih MC. Differential expression of genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in Arabidopsis during hypoxia. Plant Mol. Biol. 58: 15-25 (2005).

Penrose DM, Glick BR. Enzymes that regulate ethylene levels--1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, ACC synthase and ACC oxidase. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 35: 1-17 (1997).

Petruzzelli L, Sturaro M, Mainieri D, Leubner-Metzger G. Calcium requirement for ethylene-dependent responses involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase in radicle tissues of germinated pea seeds. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 661-671 (2003).

Plomion C, Pionneau C, Brach J, Costa P, Bailleres H. Compression wood-responsive proteins in developing xylem of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). Plant Physiol. 123: 959-970 (2000).

Ralph SG, Hudgins JW, Jancsik S, Franceschi VR, Bohlmann J. Aminocyclopropane carboxylate synthase is a regulated step in ethylene-dependent induced conifer defense. Full-length cDNA cloning of a multi-gene ACS family, differential constitutive and wound- and insect-induced expression, and cellular and … Plant Physiol. 143: 410-424 (2007).

Ramonell KM, McClure G, Musgrave ME. Oxygen control of ethylene biosynthesis during seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 793-801 (2002).

Rashotte AM, Chae HS, Maxwell BB, Kieber JJ. The interaction of cytokinin with other signals. Physiol. Plant. 123: 184-194 (2005).

Rieu I, Cristescu SM, Harren FJ, Huibers W, Voesenek LA, Mariani C, Vriezen WH. RP-ACS1, a flooding-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene of Rumex palustris, is involved in rhythmic ethylene production. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 841-849 (2005).

Roeder S, Dreschler K, Wirtz M, Cristescu SM, van Harren FJ, Hell R, Piechulla B. SAM levels, gene expression of SAM synthetase, methionine synthase and ACC oxidase, and ethylene emission from N. suaveolens flowers. Plant Mol. Biol. 70: 535-546 (2009).

Salman-Minkov A, Levi A, Wolf S, Trebitsh T. ACC synthase genes are polymorphic in watermelon (Citrullus spp.) and differentially expressed in flowers and in response to auxin and gibberellin. Plant Cell Physiol. 49: 740-750 (2008).

Schlagnhaufer CD, Arteca RN, Pell EJ. Sequential expression of two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) leaves. Plant Mol. Biol. 35: 683-688 (1997).

Shi YH, Zhu SW, Mao XZ, Feng JX, Qin YM, Zhang L, Cheng J, Wei LP, Wang ZY, Zhu YX. Transcriptome profiling, molecular biological, and physiological studies reveal a major role for ethylene in cotton fiber cell elongation. Plant Cell 18: 651-664 (2006).

Shiu OY, Oetiker JH, Yip WK, Yang SF. The promoter of LE-ACS7, an early flooding-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene of the tomato, is tagged by a Sol3 transposon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 10334-10339 (1998).

Sitrit Y, Bennett AB. Regulation of tomato fruit polygalacturonase mRNA accumulation by ethylene: a re-examination. Plant Physiol. 116: 1145-1150 (1998).

Sozzi GO, Greve LC, Prody GA, Labavitch JM. Gibberellic acid, synthetic auxins, and ethylene differentially modulate alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activities in antisense 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase tomato pericarp discs. Plant Physiol. 129: 1330-1340 (2002).

Spanu P, Grosskopf DG, Felix G, Boller T. The apparent turnover of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in tomato cells is regulated by protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Plant Physiol. 106: 529-535 (1994).

Starrett DA, Laties GG. Ethylene and wound-induced gene expression in the preclimacteric phase of ripening avocado fruit and mesocarp discs. Plant Physiol. 103: 227-234 (1993).

Subramaniam K, Abbo S, Ueng PP. Isolation of two differentially expressed wheat ACC synthase cDNAs and the characterization of one of their genes with root-predominant expression. Plant Mol. Biol. 31: 1009-1020 (1996).

Sugawara H, Shibuya K, Yoshioka T, Hashiba T, Satoh S. Is a cysteine proteinase inhibitor involved in the regulation of petal wilting in senescing carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers? J. Exp. Bot. 53: 407-413 (2002).

Sunako T, Sakuraba W, Senda M, Akada S, Ishikawa R, Niizeki M, Harada T. An allele of the ripening-specific 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene (ACS1) in apple fruit with a long storage life. Plant Physiol. 119: 1297-1304 (1999).

Tamaoki M, Matsuyama T, Kanna M, Nakajima N, Kubo A, Aono M, Saji H. Differential ozone sensitivity among Arabidopsis accessions and its relevance to ethylene synthesis. Planta 216: 552-560 (2003).

Tarun AS, Lee JS, Theologis A. Random mutagenesis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase: a key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 9796-9801 (1998).

Tarun AS, Theologis A. Complementation analysis of mutants of 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase reveals the enzyme is a dimer with shared active sites. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 12509-12514 (1998).

Tassoni A, Watkins CB, Davies PJ. Inhibition of the ethylene response by 1-MCP in tomato suggests that polyamines are not involved in delaying ripening, but may moderate the rate of ripening or over-ripening. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 3313-3325 (2006).

Tatsuki M, Haji T, Yamaguchi M. The involvement of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase isogene, Pp-ACS1, in peach fruit softening. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 1281-1289 (2006).

ten Have A, Woltering EJ. Ethylene biosynthetic genes are differentially expressed during carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flower senescence. Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 89-97 (1997).

Trebitsh T, Staub JE, O'Neill SD. Identification of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene linked to the female (F) locus that enhances female sex expression in cucumber. Plant Physiol. 113: 987-995 (1997).

Tsuchisaka A, Theologis A. Unique and overlapping expression patterns among the Arabidopsis 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family members. Plant Physiol. 136: 2982-3000 (2004).

Tsuchisaka A, Theologis A. Heterodimeric interactions among the 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase polypeptides encoded by the Arabidopsis gene family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101: 2275-2280 (2004).

Van der Straeten D, Rodrigues-Pousada RA, Villarroel R, Hanley S, Goodman HM, Van Montagu M. Cloning, genetic mapping, and expression analysis of an Arabidopsis thaliana gene that encodes 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89: 9969-9973 (1992).

Van Der Straeten D, Zhou Z, Prinsen E, Van Onckelen HA, Van Montagu MC. A comparative molecular-physiological study of submergence response in lowland and deepwater rice. Plant Physiol. 125: 955-968 (2001).

Vandenbussche F, Vriezen WH, Smalle J, Laarhoven LJ, Harren FJ, Van Der Straeten D. Ethylene and auxin control the Arabidopsis response to decreased light intensity. Plant Physiol. 133: 517-527 (2003).

Vogel JP, Woeste KE, Theologis A, Kieber JJ. Recessive and dominant mutations in the ethylene biosynthetic gene ACS5 of Arabidopsis confer cytokinin insensitivity and ethylene overproduction, respectively. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 4766-4771 (1998).

Vriezen WH, Achard P, Harberd NP, Van Der Straeten D. Ethylene-mediated enhancement of apical hook formation in etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings is gibberellin dependent. Plant J. 37: 505-516 (2004).

Vriezen WH, Hulzink R, Mariani C, Voesenek LA. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase activity limits ethylene biosynthesis in Rumex palustris during submergence. Plant Physiol. 121: 189-196 (1999).

Wang NN, Yang SF, Charng Y. Differential expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes during orchid flower senescence induced by the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid. Plant Physiol. 126: 253-260 (2001).

Wang Q, Lai T, Qin G, Tian S. Response of jujube fruits to exogenous oxalic acid treatment based on proteomic analysis. Plant Cell Physiol. 50: 230-242 (2009).

Wang TW, Arteca RN. Identification and characterization of cDNAs encoding ethylene biosynthetic enzymes from Pelargonium x hortorum cv Snow Mass leaves. Plant Physiol. 109: 627-636 (1995).

Weterings K, Pezzotti M, Cornelissen M, Mariani C. Dynamic 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-synthase and -oxidase transcript accumulation patterns during pollen tube growth in tobacco styles. Plant Physiol. 130: 1190-1200 (2002).

White MF, Vasquez J, Yang SF, Kirsch JF. Expression of apple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in Escherichia coli: kinetic characterization of wild-type and active-site mutant forms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91: 12428-12432 (1994).

Whittaker DJ, Smith GS, Gardner RC. Expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes in Actinidia chinensis fruit. Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 45-55 (1997).

Woeste KE, Ye C, Kieber JJ. Two Arabidopsis mutants that overproduce ethylene are affected in the posttranscriptional regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase. Plant Physiol. 119: 521-530 (1999).

Woltering EJ, Balk PA, Nijenhuis-Devries MA, Faivre M, Ruys G, Somhorst D, Philosoph-Hadas S, Friedman H. An auxin-responsive 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase is responsible for differential ethylene production in gravistimulated Antirrhinum majus L. flower stems. Planta 220: 403-413 (2005).

Wong WS, Ning W, Xu PL, Kung SD, Yang SF, Li N. Identification of two chilling-regulated 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes from citrus (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) fruit. Plant Mol. Biol. 41: 587-600 (1999).

Xu SL, Rahman A, Baskin TI, Kieber JJ. Two leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases mediate signaling linking cell wall biosynthesis and ACC synthase in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20: 3065-3079 (2008).

Yamasaki S, Fujii N, Takahashi H. Photoperiodic regulation of CS-ACS2, CS-ACS4 and CS-ERS gene expression contributes to the femaleness of cucumber flowers through diurnal ethylene production under short-day conditions. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 537-546 (2003).

Yang Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, Shi W, Qian C, Peng X. Identification of aluminum-responsive proteins in rice roots by a proteomic approach: cysteine synthase as a key player in Al response. Proteomics 7: 737-749 (2007).

Yao M, Ose T, Sugimoto H, Horiuchi A, Nakagawa A, Wakatsuki S, Yokoi D, Murakami T, Honma M, Tanaka I. Crystal structure of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase from Hansenula saturnus. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 34557-34565 (2000).

Yasuta T, Satoh S, Minamisawa K. New assay for rhizobitoxine based on inhibition of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 849-852 (1999).

Yi HC, Joo S, Nam KH, Lee JS, Kang BG, Kim WT. Auxin and brassinosteroid differentially regulate the expression of three members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Plant Mol. Biol. 41: 443-454 (1999).

Yoon IS, Mori H, Kim JH, Kang BG, Imaseki H. VR-ACS6 is an auxin-inducible 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene in mungbean (Vigna radiata). Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 217-224 (1997).

Yoshida H, Wang KL, Chang CM, Mori K, Uchida E, Ecker JR. The ACC synthase TOE sequence is required for interaction with ETO1 family proteins and destabilization of target proteins. Plant Mol. Biol. 62: 427-437 (2006).

Yoshii H, Imaseki H. Regulation of auxin-induced ethylene biosynthesis. Repression of inductive formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase by ethylene. Plant Cell Physiol. 23: 639-649 (1982).

Yuan R, Wu Z, Kostenyuk IA, Burns JK. G-protein-coupled {alpha}2A-adrenoreceptor agonists differentially alter citrus leaf and fruit abscission by affecting expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 1867-1875 (2005).

Zarembinski TI, Theologis A. Expression characteristics of OS-ACS1 and OS-ACS2, two members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Habiganj Aman II) during partial submergence. Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 71-77 (1997).

Zhang M, Yuan B, Leng P. The role of ABA in triggering ethylene biosynthesis and ripening of tomato fruit. J. Exp. Bot. 60: 1579-1588 (2009).

Zhang Z, Barlow JN, Baldwin JE, Schofield CJ. Metal-catalyzed oxidation and mutagenesis studies on the iron(II) binding site of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase. Biochemistry 36: 15999-16007 (1997).

Zhou H, Huxtable S, Xin H, Li N. Enhanced high-level expression of soluble 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylase synthase and rapid purification by expanded-bed adsorption. Protein Expr. Purif. 14: 178-184 (1998).

Zhou H, Wang HW, Zhu K, Sui SF, Xu P, Yang SF, Li N. The multiple roles of conserved arginine 286 of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. Coenzyme binding, substrate binding, and beyond. Plant Physiol. 121: 913-919 (1999).

Zhou Z, De Almeida Engler J, Rouan D, Michiels F, Van Montagu M, Van Der Straeten D. Tissue localization of a submergence-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase in rice. Plant Physiol. 129: 72-84 (2002).

Ziosi V, Bonghi C, Bregoli AM, Trainotti L, Biondi S, Sutthiwal S, Kondo S, Costa G, Torrigiani P. Jasmonate-induced transcriptional changes suggest a negative interference with the ripening syndrome in peach fruit. J. Exp. Bot. 59: 563-573 (2008).

Ziosi V, Bregoli AM, Fregola F, Costa G, Torrigiani P. Jasmonate-induced ripening delay is associated with up-regulation of polyamine levels in peach fruit. J. Plant Physiol. 166: 938-946 (2009).

Number of references = 145