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HORT410 - Vegetable Crops
Broccoli - Notes
Common name: broccoli.
Latin name: Brassica oleracea L. var. italica (or Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis sub. var. cymosa).
Family: Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) [Brassicaceae Images].
Broccoli history (TAMU).
Dicotyledon.
Harvested organ: immature flower bud.
Cool season.
Temperature optimum: 15 to 17 C.
Biennial often grown as an annual.
Grown from seed or transplants.
Soil pH optimum: 6.0 to 6.5.
Hand-harvested while the head is still compact and before the flowers open.
Heads 4 to 6 inches in diameter are cut with 8 to 10 inches of stem for fresh market, or 6 to 7 inches of stem for processing.
Best stored at 2 C and a high relative humidity (95%).
Major diseases of cole crops in the Midwest:
Major insect pests of cole crops in the Midwest:
(see: ID-56: Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers 2003 - Broccoli, Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Brussels Sprouts (PURDUE) [pdf] for information on broccoli varieties, spacing, fertilizing, harvesting, and specific disease, weed and insect control recommendations for broccoli)
Sources of information:
Eastman, C., Mahr, S., Wyman, J., Hoy, C., Oloumi-Sadeghi, H. Cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. In "Vegetable Insect Management With Emphasis on the Midwest", (ed. R. Foster, B. Flood), Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, Ohio, pp. 99 - 112 (1995).
Nonnecke, I.L. "Vegetable Production", Van Nostrand Reinhold, NY (1989).
Phillips, R., Rix, M. "The Random House Book of Vegetables", Random House, NY (1993).
Maynard, D.N. Broccoli. In "The Software Toolworks Multimedia Encyclopedia", Version 1.5, Grolier, Inc. (1992).
Gray, A.R. Broccoli, Brassica oleracea L. (Italica group). In "Genetic Improvement of Vegetable Crops", (ed. G. Kalloo, B.O. Bergh), Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., pp. 61-86 (1993).
Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers, ID-56, eds. R. Foster, D. Egel, E. Maynard, R. Weinzierl, H. Taber, L.W. Jett, B. Hutchinson, Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, 2003.
Rangavajhyala, N., Ghorpade, V.M., Kadam, S.S. Broccoli. In "Handbook of Vegetable Science and Technology: Production, Composition, Storage, and Processing", (ed. D.K. Salunkhe, S.S. Kadam), Marcel Dekker, Inc., NY, pp. 337 - 357 (1998).
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