Varieties |
|
| Beets: | Ruby Queen, Crosby Greentop, Red Ace, Asgrow Wonder, Rosette. |
| Carrots: | Imperator: Premium, First Class, Avenger, Apache, Condor, Six-pack II, Navaho. Dicer types: Red Cored Chantenay, Goliath, Royal Chantenay, Danvers 126, Gold King. Slicer types: Heritage, Protege, PY 60 Improved. |
| Parsnips: | Harris' Model, Andover, Anoka. |
| Radishes: | Cherry Belle, Comet, Red Prince. |
| Turnips: | Purple Top White Globe, Seven Top (greens). |
Spacing |
|
| Beets: | Rows: 18 to 24 in. apart. Seed: 8 to 10 lb. per acre for bunching. |
| Carrots: | Rows: 16 to 30 in. apart. 20 to 30 plants per foot for slicing/fresh market; 10 to 20 plants per foot for dicing. |
| Parsnips: | Rows: 18 to 24 in. apart. Seed: 2 to 3 lb. per acre. |
| Radishes: | Rows: 15 in. apart. Plant 12 to 15 per foot of row. Seed: 10 to 15 lb. per acre. |
| Turnips: | Rows: 14 to 18 in. apart. Plant 2 to 3 in. apart in row. Seed: 1 to 2 lb. per acre. |
Preplant: N, 60 lb. per acre; P2O5, 20 to 160 lb. per acre; K2O, 0 to 200 lb. per acre. Adjust according to soil type, previous management, and soil test results for your state. If the soil test indicates a high amount of K is necessary, plow down at least 50% of the requirement. Beets also respond to boron when grown on sandy soils, light-colored silt and clay loams, and alkaline dark-colored soils. It may be omitted from acid, dark-colored soils. Based on a boron soil test, include boron at 2 1/2 to 5 lb. per acre applied over the row at planting. Do not contact with seed. Boron is toxic to many vegetables, particularly beans, peas, and cucurbits. Thus, rotational plans may have to be adjusted. For carrots grown on muck soil with a soil pH greater than 6.0, add 6 lb. of Mn per acre.
Sidedress N: Beets, carrots, parsnips: for soils with more than 3% organic matter and following soybeans, alfalfa or a grass-legume hay crop apply 30 lb. N per acre 4 to 6 weeks after planting. For soils with less than 3% organic matter and the above rotation, apply 45 lb. N per acre. Following corn, rye, oats, wheat, or a vegetable crop, apply 60 lb. N per acre. Radish, turnip: none needed.
| Diseases Controlled | Treatment | Comments |
| Alternaria leaf blight and Cercospora leaf blight | 3-4 year crop rotation. | Start applying protective fungicides at the first sign of disease. |
| Bravo, Terranil, or Echo at 1.5 to 2 pt. per acre or flowable (F) formulations, or 1.25 to 1.5 lb. per acre for dry (WP, DF, or DG) formulations. |
0 day PHI (carrot), 10 day PHI (parsnip). Carrots and parsnips only. | |
| Rovral at 1 to 2 pt. per acre for flowable (F) formulations, or 1 to 2 lb. per acre for dry formulations. | Apply on 7-14 day interval. Make no more than 4 applications per season. 0 day PHI. Carrots only. | |
| White mold (Carrot and Parsnip) |
3-4 year crop rotation. | Avoid including beans, cucurbits, celery, and late cabbage in the rotation. |
| Aster yellows (Carrot and Parsnip) |
Use an insecticide to control leafhoppers that transmit the disease. | Excellent early season leafhopper control is essential. Control must occur before leafhoppers feed. |
| Root-knot nematode | Methyl bromide or Sodium methyl dithiocarbamate or Vydate L (carrots only) | Sample fields during growing season for plant parasitic nematodes before planting. Avoid fields with high numbers of root-knot nematodes. Methyl bromide and sodium methyl dithiocarbamate give best results when nematode populations are moderate to high. Vydate gives adequate control when nematode populations are low to moderate. |
| Herbicide* | Treatment** | Comments |
| Preemergence | ||
| Beets: | ||
| Ro-neet 6E | 2 to 3 qt. per acre. | Apply before planting, and incorporate immediately by double discing or other method. Mineral soils only. |
| Pyramin 4.5SC or 68DF | 2.75 to 3.25 qt. per acre of SC or 4.6 to 5.4 lb. per acre of DF. | Apply after planting. Rainfall or irrigation necessary for activation. |
| Carrots and Radishes: | ||
| Treflan HFP | 1 to 1.5 pt. per acre. | Mineral soil only. Apply before planting and incorporate 2-3 in. soon after spraying. Use low rates on sandy soils. |
| Horseradish: | ||
| Dacthal 75WP | 6 to 8 lb. on light-colored soils (less than 2% organic matter), 14 lb. on other soils. | Apply uniformly at planting time. |
| Goal 2XL | 2 pt. per acre. | Apply after planting prior to crop emergence. |
| Turnips: | ||
| Dacthal 75WP | 8 lb. on light-colored soils (less than 2% organic matter), 11 lb. on darker soils in at least 50 gal. water per acre. | Apply immediately after seeding. Use 50-mesh or larger screens. Not effective on muck and other high organic soils. |
| Parsnips: | ||
| Lorox 50DF | 1.5 lb. per acre on light colored soils (less than 2% organic matter), 3 lb. on darker colored soils. | Apply before parsnips emerge. |
| Postemergence | ||
| Beets: | ||
| Spin-aid 1.3E | 3 to 6 pt. per acre in 11 to 22 gal. of water. | Apply to red beets with 4 true leaves. Injury may occur if application precedes the 4 leaf crop development stage. Do not apply if beets are stressed. Check label for precautions. Does not control pigweed. 60 day PHI. |
| Pyramin 4.5SC | 3.25 qt. per acre. | Timing is very important. Treat after beets have 2 expanded leaves and weeds have 2 to 4 leaves. |
| Carrots: | ||
| Sencor 4F or 75DF | 0.5 pt. per acre of 4F or 0.33 lb. per acre of 75DF. | Broadcast when carrots have 5 to 6 leaves. Do not apply within 3 days of cool cloudy weather or other pesticide application, or when temperature is above 85°F. Do not mix with other chemicals. Do not apply more than once per season if carrots are rotated with onions. 60 day PHI. |
| Lorox 50DF | 1 to 2 lb. per acre. | Apply when crop is at least 3 in. tall. Do not apply if temperatures exceed 85½F. Do not exceed 4 lb. per acre per season. 14 day PHI. |
| Fusilade DX 2E | 10 to 12 fl. oz. per acre. Plus 1 pt. nonionic surfactant. | Apply to actively growing grass. Best control if applied at less than 30 gal. per acre. Check label for specific grasses controlled. 45 day PHI. |
| Poast 1.5E | 1 to 1.5 pt. per acre plus 1 qt. COC per acre. | Apply to actively growing grass. Do not apply more than 4.5 pt. per acre per season. 30 day PHI. |
| Stale Seedbed | ||
| Carrots and Turnips: | ||
| Gramoxone Extra 2.5E | 2 to 3 qt. per acre plus 1 pt. nonionic surfactant per 100 gallons spray solution. | Apply to emerged weeds before or after planting, but before crop emerges. RUP. |
| Beets, Carrots, Horseradish, Parsnips, Radishes, and Turnips: | ||
| Roundup Ultra (4 lb./gal.) | 2 to 3 qt. per acre. | Apply to emerged weeds before or after planting but before crop emerges. Check label for specific weeds controlled and rate. |
| * For specific weeds controlled by each herbicide, check table on page 23. ** Rates given are for overall coverage. For band treatment, reduce amounts according to the portion of acre treated. |
||
| Insects Controlled | Treatment | Comments |
| Carrots: | Use varieties resistant to aster yellows. | |
| Leafhoppers | Baythroid 2E at 1.6 to 2.8 fl. oz. per acre. |
14 day PHI. |
| Threshold For susceptible varieties - 20 leafhoppers per 100 sweeps. |
Asana XL at 5.8 to 9.6 fl. oz. per acre. |
No more than 5 applications per season. Allow 7 days between applications. 0 day PHI. |
| Methoxychlor 2EC at 2 to 4.5 qt. per acre. |
Do not exceed 96 fl. oz. per acre per season. 7 day PHI | |
| Sevin 50WP at 2 lb. or XLR Plus at 1 qt. per acre. | Treat field margins and fields for best control. 7 day PHI | |
| Cutworms | Baythroid 2E at 1.6 fl. oz. per acre. |
See restrictions under leafhoppers. 0 day PHI. |
| Threshold 2 5% of plants infested |
Asana XL at 5.8 to 9.6 fl. oz. per acre. | Do not exceed 96 fl. oz. per acre per season. 7 day PHI |
| Aphids | Diazinon 50WP at 1 lb. per acre. |
14 day PHI. |
| Malathion 57EC at 1.5 pt. per acre. |
7 day PHI. | |
| M-Pede at 1.25 fl. oz. per 50 gal. water. | 0 day PHI. Must contact aphids to be effective. | |
| Beets: | ||
| Variegated cutworm | Lannate LV at 1.5 pt. or 90SP at 0.5 to 1 lb. per acre. | PHI: roots– 0 days; tops–14 days. |
| Aphids | Diazinon 50WP at 1 lb. per acre. |
14 day PHI. |
| M-Pede at 1.25 fl. oz. per 50 gal. water. | 0 day PHI. Must contact aphids to be effective. | |
| Radishes: | ||
| Aphids, flea beetles | Asana XL 0.66 EC at 5.8 to 9.6 oz. per acre. |
Do not apply more than 0.1 lb. a.i. per acre per season. 7 day PHI. |
| Baythroid 2EC at 1.6 to 2.8 fl. oz. per acre. |
No more than 5 applications per season. Allow 7 days between applications. 0 day PHI. | |
| Diazinon AG500 at 1 pt. per acre. |
14 day PHI. | |
| Malathion 57EC at 1 qt. per acre. |
7 day PHI. | |
| Sevin 50WP at 2 lb. or XLR Plus at 1 qt. per acre. |
Flea beetles only. Will not control aphids. 7 day PHI. | |
| M-Pede at 1.25 fl. oz. per 50 gal. water. | Aphids only. 0 day PHI. Must contact aphids to be effective. | |
| Root maggots | Apply as a furrow application at planting: | |
| Lorsban 4E at 1 oz. per 1000 feet of row, or 15G at 3.3 oz. per 1000 feet of row. |
Apply 4E as a water-based (minimum 40 gal. water) drench, or the 15G in seed furrow with the seed at planting time. Do not exceed 5.5 pt. of 4E or 18.3 lb. of 15G per acre. | |
| Diazinon 14G at 2.5 to 2.8 oz. per 1000 linear feet of row. | ||
| Turnips: Root maggots |
As a furrow application at time of planting, same as for radishes as listed above. |
|
| Diazinon AG500 at 1 pt. per acre. | Apply as a drench spray over the row 30 days following planting. 14 day PHI. Will also help manage flea beetles. | |
| Aphids, flea beetles | Ambush 2E at 3.2 to 6.4 fl. oz. per acre, or 25W at 3.2 to 6.4 oz. per acre. |
1 day PHI. Illinois and Indiana only. |
| Dimethoate at 0.5 pt. per acre. |
May not control flea beetles. 14 day PHI. | |
| Metasystox-R 2EC at 1.5 to 2 pt. per acre. |
Do not apply more than 2 times per season. 7 day PHI, 21 day for turnip greens. | |
| Sevin 50WP at 2 lb. or XLR Plus at 1 qt. per acre. |
Flea beetles only. 7 day PHI. 14 days for turnip tops to be used for food or feed. Will not control aphids. | |
| Diazinon AG500 at 1 pt. per acre. |
14 day PHI. | |
| M-Pede at 1.25 fl. oz. per 50 gal. water. |
Aphids only. 0 day PHI. Must contact aphids to be effective. | |
| Align or Neemix according to label directions. | 0 day PHI. | |
last update Tuesday, September 29, 1998 by aw