Facts For Fancy Fruit 07-11

The Year in Review: Tree Fruits: There were two big stories this year in terms of weather.  The 
first was the spring freeze on April 6-8 that saw temperatures drop to 20-25F resulting in severe 
damage to many flowering fruit crops across the state. The cold temperatures were only part of 
the problem. Contributing to the damage were warm temperatures experienced in many parts of 
the state during March (see graphs of temperatures in northern, central and southern parts of the 
state). These warm temperatures accelerated crop development, pushing trees into a more 
vulnerable stage earlier than normal. So at the time the frost hit, apples were in bloom and were 
among the most affected crops. Bloom is generally the most frost-tender stage of development. 
The temperature is only one factor that determines the amount of damage. Another important 
factor is the duration of the cold. The freeze that hit us this year was unusual in that it lasted so 
long ö many hours to several days. The fact it lasted so long no doubt contributed to the 
widespread damage we saw.  Some growers were completely wiped out while others escaped 
with minimal loss. Over the whole state, the apple crop was about 50% of normal.

The other unusual event this year was a lack of rain. It seems that the drought took hold earlier in 
more southern parts of the state, and in fact some more northern areas received more rain than 
normal (see graphs). In Vincennes the drought was apparent from early spring, and intensified 
over the season. During the fall, the total rain received for the year was 15ä down on the normal 
amount of rainfall. In more northern areas like Plymouth, rainfall was about normal for much of 
the year then slightly above normal during the fall. 

Summer temperatures were about normal for much of the state, but the warm summer 
temperatures remained for much of the fall, leading to some problems with coloring of early 
apple varieties. This was especially apparent in more southern areas (see temperature graphs). 


Fruit quality was mostly good this year, although some growers experienced some severe 
problems with bitter pit. Lighter crops from the cold blast in the spring, and dry summer 
conditions set the stage for these problems. Bitter pit will be addressed at the Hort Congress in 
January by Dr. Chris Watkins of Cornell University, one of the leading authorities on the 
disorder.  (Hirst)


The Year in Review: Small Fruit: The 2006-07 winter was slightly warmer than normal and 
winter injury to small fruit and grapes was minor. Coldest temperatures occurred early to mid-
February and ranged from 0 in southern, to -12?F in northern Indiana. Despite the mild winter, 
cold injury was a major issue for this growing season. The Midwest experienced a very warm 
March followed by the ãEaster Freezeä in early April. Most small fruit crops were damaged 
severely by 3 to 4 days of freezing temperatures. Brambles suffered essentially 100% losses in 
southern Indiana, and up to 50% in northern areas. Blueberry damage was similar with complete 
losses in southern Indiana, but only 40% losses in the major growing region of northern Indiana. 
Strawberries were hurt in southern areas, but still managed to produce a good crop. Grapes were 
damaged severely across the southern part of the state where shoots were between 1 and 6 inches 
long on most varieties at the time of the freeze. All exposed shoots were killed, so the 2007 crop 
was borne on secondary shoots in these areas. In most cases the secondary shoots were very 
fruitful, and yields were not off significantly. In central and northern Indiana only early varieties 
were past bud break at the time of the freeze so damage was limited to those varieties. Yields 
were nearly normal for the rest of the varieties. In areas were primary shoots were damaged, 
growers did not have to thin clusters to adjust yields as would be the normal practice. 

The summer months were hot and very dry. Growing degree day accumulation was about 25% 
above average. Rainfall was about 75% of normal in central Indiana, and less than 50% of 
normal in southeast Indiana. Some parts of northern Indiana had over 10 inches of rainfall in 
August that nullified an otherwise dry summer. Fungal disease pressure was minimal due to the 
dry conditions. Powdery mildew was a problem for some grape growers, especially on vinifera 
varieties. Grape harvest dates were about normal for early grape varieties, but the season was 
compressed with many of the mid and late season varieties harvested 7-14 days earlier than 
normal. Blueberries, brambles and strawberries were also early.  (Bordelon)

The Year in Review: Entomology:  The most important factor affecting insect activity in fruit 
and insect management decisions in 2007 was the weather. The problem was that it was both 
hotter than normal and colder than normal in the same year. The early heat and the Easter freeze 
caused short crops, which had dramatic effects on insect management decisions. The hot weather 
during most of the season changed the timing of the appearance of a number of insects and 
prolonged the time when the pests needed to be managed. 

For example, potato leafhoppers, which migrate from the South each year, showed up at least 2 
weeks earlier than usual. This meant that many crops did not have as much leaf area at the time 
of their arrival, and the possibility for damage was increased. Japanese beetles usually emerge in 
the Lafayette area around June 20. In 2007, the first beetles were observed on June 3, and fully 2 
¸ weeks earlier than normal. It also appeared that Japanese beetle populations dwindled earlier 
than normal.

Codling moth usually has two generations in most of the state in most years, with at least a 
partial 3rd generation in the southern part of the state or in warmer than normal years. In 2007, I 
think it is fair to say that we had a 3rd generation throughout the state. At Lafayette, it appears 
that the 3rd generation peaked around September 10. That allowed plenty of opportunity for 
damage in varieties that matured after that date.

Given the hot weather, I expected that we would have a lot of problems with mites. However, not 
too many growers reported problems. I attribute this to two factors: the good mite management 
chemicals that we have available today, and good mite management skills exhibited by our 
growers. (Foster)
      
The Year in Review: Plant Pathology: This was a year only a plant pathologist could love. I 
think I said that last year, but I really, really mean it for this year. The year began with a warm 
streak of 90+ degrees F in March, only to have a freeze a few weeks later, in April. The Easter 
Freeze of 2007 wasnât any old freeze: Night-time temperatures hovered around 20 degrees for up 
to five straight days. For almost 2/3 of the state, we predicted tremendous loss of apples, 
peaches, and grapes. Although our predictions were accurate with respect to the peaches, 
curiously, the losses werenât as bad as we anticipated on grapes or apples, but they were still 
pretty devastating. Despite the potential loss of crops, disease management, particularly for fire 
blight, became a key issue, and remains a key issue for next year as well. Freeze injury, much 
like hail injury, results in damage to young and succulent shoots and leaves, providing a means 
for the fire blight bacterium to cause shoot blight. The only redeeming feature of the subsequent 
drought that occurred over most of the state is that it prevented a perfect storm of fire blight. 

Fire blight wasnât the only problem that resulted from the freeze. Or the drought. Physiological 
stresses, especially drought stress, or possibly freeze damage, predispose trees to cankers caused 
by Botryosphaeria. This uptick in disease incidence may be just one more side effect of our 
spring freeze coupled with drought. As we head into winter, careful observation of trees for 
cankers as a source of inoculum should be high on every growers list to mark for spring pruning 
and removal! This is something that can be done on a nice fall day, by walking the rows with a 
handy can of spray paint in a bright, obvious color. This scouting can also be done with scouting 
for fire blight. Symptoms are more obvious right now, than in the spring. Besides, do you really 
want to spend twice as much time out in the orchard in February, when the weather isnât nice, 
looking for branches to remove, or would you just like to head out there and begin pruning? 

Botryosphaeria, like many plant pathogens, creates a management dilemma: By the time you 
find the problem it is too late to do anything for this year. However, sanitation in the form of 
mummy clean-up and cankered limb removal is something to consider during spring pruning. 
Apples that are mummified due to chemical thinning, or fire blighted twigs, serve as an easy site 
of colonization. Piles of prunings are another important reservoir of this disease.  Prunings can 
be left if they are debarked during any sort of flail mowing. Otherwise, haul them away or burn 
them.

Last but not least, if freeze damage, drought damage, fire blight, and Botryosphaeria havenât 
brought a smile to your face, at least it was a bad year for scab, right? Wrong! Even though scab 
in the orchard wasnât a huge issue (especially if you didnât have a crop), a new race of scab was 
found in North America, at the Purdue Hort Farm, that has the potential to profoundly impact 
organic, or low spray apples in North America. In May, Ryan Deford and I found scab on Malus 
floribunda 821 in the Old Hort Farm. M.f. 821 serves as the resistant parent for almost all of the 
scab resistant varieties like ÎWilliamsâ Prideâ, ÎEnterpriseâ, ÎPrimaâ, ÎPriscillaâ, ÎScarlett 
OâHaraâ, and ÎGoldRush.â Fortunately, continued monitoring of this orchard has NOT revealed 
scab on these cultivars to date. Our preliminary data suggests weâve identified a new race of the 
pathogen. Weâll keep you posted. 

Although it is impossible to predict the outcome with this new race of scab, I would state that as 
of right now, the other shoe hasnât dropped÷yet. However, for organic or sustainable apple 
production, it is essential to rigorously apply fungicides to prevent primary infection during key 
scab periods in spring 2008 when the weather is cool and wet, while the tissue is young and 
susceptible to infection. The simple, but conscientious application of one to three sprays to 
prevent primary infection in the spring should keep resistant cultivars free of scab for the entire 
season. To date, these minimal, or organic practices to control other diseases like powdery 
mildew and cedar-apple rust may have contributed to the preservation of scab resistance in these 
lines. (Beckerman)

Indiana Hort Congress: I hope you all have the Hort Congress marked on your calendars for 
January 28-30 and are planning to attend. Programs should be mailed in the next week or so, but 
if you are overcome with excitement and just canât wait, you can download the program from the 
Hort Congress website: www.inhortcongress.org.   

On the fruit side, we have 2 high caliber invited speakers. Dr. Greg Lang from Michigan State 
University will speak on how to grow high quality sweet cherries, and also some of the work he 
has been conducting on using high tunnels in tree fruit production. Dr. Chris Watkins from 
Cornell University will speak on managing bitter pit and also tell us about Harvista, a new 
sprayable form of MCP (Smartfresh). 

Weâll also hear about many other topics of interest to fruit growers, such as an update on 
immigration regulations, how to work with food banks, apple thinning and fruit size. Of 
particular interest to growers will be a workshop on managing resistance of various pests and 
diseases to pesticides, and look at approaches to manage this as best as possible. 

In addition to the educational sessions, we will provide an opportunity for growers to obtain 
credit toward recertification of their private applicators license, testing for those who wish to 
obtain a private applicators license for the first time, and of course the trade show and hort 
congress social hour. More information can be found at the Hort Congress website 
(http://www.inhortcongress.org)  (Hirst)

Human Resource Conference: We are pleased that Mid American Ag and Hort Services 
(MAAHS) is hosting their annual Human Resource Conference in conjunction with the Indiana 
Horticultural Congress. The Human Resource Conference will be held on Monday, January 28, 
2008 at the Adamâs Mark Hotel in Indianapolis. Topics to be covered include: orienting and 
training employees, labor and immigration compliance, using employee benefits to attract and 
retain employees, and dealing with problem employees. To encourage fruit growers to attend this 
session, we have decided not to hold any competing sessions at the same time. Growers can 
register for the Human Resource Conference by signing up on the Hort Congress registration 
form (available on the Hort Congress website).  For members of the Indiana Hort. Society, other 
Indiana horticultural organizations or MAAHS, attendance of the Human Resource Conference 
only costs $30 in addition to Hort Congress registration. This includes lunch during the Monday 
session. (Hirst)

Testing for Pesticide License ö Core Exam: If you do not currently have a private applicators 
license and want to become licensed, we are offering testing for this in conjunction with the Hort 
Congress. Purdue Pesticides Program will offer an opportunity for individuals to take the 
Pesticide Core Exam to receive a Private Applicator Permit. This will be an ãExam onlyä and 
individuals will need to purchase the study materials (PPP-C Indiana Pesticide Applicator 
Training Manual) from Purdue Media Distribution Center 1-888-398-4636 or 
http://www.ces.purdue.edu/new/ Cost of the manual is $40.42. Credit cards are accepted. Each 
examinee will be required to present a government issued photo ID such as a driverâs license. 
There is no charge to take the exam, but we request that you check the box on the registration 
form so that we can plan accordingly. Information can be found at 
http://www.btny.purdue.edu/ppp/ 
Those who pass the exam will be sent a private applicator permit form and a request for $20. 
After receiving the completed form and fee, OISC will issue the private applicator permit. (Hirst 
and Bordelon)

EPA Proposes to Eliminate All Uses of Chlorpyrifos: The Environmental Protection Agency 
has proposed to cancel all uses of the insecticide chlorpyrifos, the active ingredient in Lorsban. 
Surveys have shown that 44% of all apple acreage in the US is treated with Lorsban, so there 
will be a significant impact of this cancellation.  (Foster)

Cider Contest: Once again, an apple cider contest will be held in conjunction with the Hort 
Congress. Two gallons of cider should be dropped off at the IHC registration desk before noon 
on Tuesday, January 29. Judging will take place on Tuesday afternoon. Winners will be 
announced at the IHC Luncheon on Wednesday, and plaques presented to the winners. Any 
questions, please contact Peter Hirst at 765-494-1323 or hirst@purdue.edu  (Hirst)

Indiana Market Maker: The Purdue New Ventures Team, the Indiana State Department of 
Agriculture, the Indiana Cooperative Development Center, and USDA-Rural Development are 
excited to tell you about a new marketing opportunity for producers and food entrepreneurs. 
Indiana MarketMaker (http://www.inmarketmaker.com/)  is a free interactive mapping system 
that locates businesses and markets of agricultural products in Indiana, providing an important 
link between producers and consumers. MarketMaker is a powerful directory of state and 
regional food producers and buyers. It is free to consumers, farmers and businesses. A number of 
partner state websites are currently online, including those from Illinois, Kentucky, Iowa, 
Nebraska, New York, and Mississippi.
 
How do producers register with Indiana MarketMaker?
We are in the process of populating Indiana MarketMaker with data at the buyer and producer 
level. If producers are interested in registering their business, they can go to the Indiana 
MarketMaker website at www.inmarketmaker.com to complete the online registration.  
Producers can also download a hardcopy registration from this site.
 
The Indiana MarketMaker website will be rich with demographic and business data. For 
example, a producer wanting to sell meat to Hispanic consumers can request a map showing the 
greatest concentration of upper-income Hispanic households, and then request a complete 
demographic profile of those locations, including the meat markets in that area. As another 
example, a chef could locate purveyors of locally grown produce. 
 
We hope that you will help us promote this very useful tool and encourage producers to register. 
For more information you can contact Dr. Maria Marshall via email mimarsha@purdue.edu or 
phone (765) 494-4268.  Look for presentations and demonstrations of Indiana Market Maker at 
the Indiana Horticultural Congress. (Maria Marshall, Ag. Economics, Purdue Univ.)

Which Disinfectant to Use on Shears When Pruning Fire Blight?  Recently research looked at 
the best disinfectant against Erwinia amylovora (the causative agent of fire blight) on pruners, 
considering efficacy, corrosivity and phytotoxicity.  The disinfectants tested were ethanol (70 
and 96%), Menno FloradesTM (1 and 4%), Arekina (5 and 10%), Pera SafeTM (0.81 and 1.62%),  
Virkon? (1 and 5%). Pruners were dipped in the disinfectant for three time durations: 20 s, 10 s 
or 1 s (a rapid dip).  For practical use the disinfectant should offer complete rapid sterilization, be 
non-corrosive and non-phytotoxic. Taking into account the joint effect of efficacy, corrosivity 
and phytotoxicity, Pera SafeTM (0.81%) was closest to the ideal; it worked fast, was non-
corrosive and non-phytotoxic.  It was followed by ethanol (70%) which required a longer period 
for disinfection, and Pera SafeTM (1.62%) which was slightly phytotoxic.  See Celar et al. 2007.  
Evaluating the efficacy, corrosivity and a phytotoxicity of some disinfectants against Erwinia 
amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. using new statistical measure.  J. Plant Diseases and 
Protection 114(2):49-53. (Hirst, from J. Am. Pom. Soc.)

Winterizing Equipment: Sprayers and irrigation equipment should be winterized now. 
Temperatures about 28F or below can cause significant damage to unprotected equipment.  Drain 
all water from lines, and follow manufacturerâs recommendations on winterizing pumps.

Workshop Teaches Basics of High Tunnels, Growing-Geason Extension: Want to extend your 
growing and marketing seasons? Protect your crops from cold, wind and rain plus certain pests 
and diseases? Make more money in the process? High tunnels can help you. Learn the basics of 
this increasingly popular season-extension option in an introductory half-day course offered by 
Ohio State University specialists on six different dates at six different locations throughout Ohio.
   
"High Tunnels 101" is a unique opportunity for vegetable, fruit and flower growers interested in 
season-extension tools and techniques to learn the ABCs of high tunnels: how they work, where 
to buy them, how to build them, their benefits, drawbacks and other key information. "High 
tunnel production can help a farm's bottom-line and provide consumers with local foods over a 
longer period of the year," said course co-organizer Matt Kleinhenz, an OSU Extension 
vegetable specialist with the university's Department of Horticulture and Crop Science. "High-
tunnel production is on the rise, but it isn't for everyone. Growers who are considering it have 
many questions before or soon after they start. We're trying to address these questions in High 
Tunnels 101."

High tunnels - unheated, plastic-covered, relatively inexpensive structures - can grow lots of 
food on little land, can do it nearly 12 months out of the year even in the upper Midwest, and 
need less-expensive equipment compared to larger-scale, open-field farming methods. Already 
widely used in Europe, high tunnels are starting to gain users in many parts of the United States.
    
Brad Bergefurd, a horticulturist with the OSU South Centers at Piketon and co-organizer of High 
Tunnels 101, said the program will be useful to a wide range of new and experienced growers.   
"High tunnels are different from open fields and greenhouses," Bergefurd explained. "In the 
course, we'll emphasize how high tunnels can fit different types of farms: small and large, 
mechanized and less mechanized, conventional and organic, fruit, vegetable and flower. The 
course will also be appropriate for semi-commercial growers, master gardeners and students."
Pre-registration for High Tunnels 101 is encouraged. To pre-register, choose a location from the 
six listed below; contact the person handling registration at that site; and send a check or money 
order payable to The Ohio State University for $20 to the program contact. Do not send cash.
Please provide your name, address and phone number. On-site registration is subject to seating 
availability and costs $25. All courses will be held from 1-5 p.m. High Tunnels 101 Dates and 
Locations:

* Jan. 8, 2008 at the Toledo Botanical Garden
   5403 Elmer Dr., Toledo, OH 43615
   Contact: Barbara Northrup, (419) 578-6783, northrup.10@osu.edu.

* Jan. 24, 2008 at Mt. Hope Auction Inc.
   8076 St. Rt. 241, Mt. Hope, OH 44660
   Contact: Thurman Mullett, (330) 674-6188

* Jan. 25, 2008 at Crown Point Farm and Education Center
   3220 Ira Rd., Bath, OH 44210
   Contact: Beth Knorr, (330) 657-2538, beth@thefarmlandcenter.org.

* Feb. 15, 2008 at OEFF
   Granville, OH 43023
   Contact: (614) 421-2022

* March 7, 2008 at the Village Administration Building
   Plymouth, OH 44865
   Contact: Steven Prochaska, (419) 562-8731, prochaska.1@osu.edu.

(Espinosa and Kleinhenz, Ohio State Univ.)


Midwest Organic Conference: Mark Kastelâs dynamic speaking style, combined with the 
Cornucopia Instituteâs reputation as an ãorganics watchdog, make him perhaps the most 
provocative speaker in the country on issues related to agriculture, organics, and small farms.  
Kastel will be one of two keynote speakers at the Midwest Organic Production and Management 
Conference and Trade Show January 17 and 18 at the University of Illinois.

ãThis is the third year weâve hosted a January conference on organics and each year weâve had 
to move to accommodate the larger crowd,ä said U of I Extensionâs Dan Anderson. ãThis year 
with the conference at the Illini Union, weâll have plenty of large meeting spaces and be more 
centrally located ö making it easier for people from around the Midwest to attend.ä  The Illini 
Union is at 1401 West Green Street on the University of Illinois campus.

"We are also excited to have Tim LaSalle, who is CEO of Rodale Institute, as a keynote 
speaker," said Anderson. "Tim has had a wide-ranging and influential career in education and 
research on organic farming and its effects on human and environmental health."

ãWeâll have a number of speakers who are University of Illinois researchers in the areas of 
economics and marketing, pest control and weed management, but because this year we have 
also partnered with Purdue University, we will have speakers from Purdue, as well as Michigan 
State, the USDA, and some successful organic farmers to tell their interesting stories and share 
what theyâve learned about organic farming,ä said Anderson.

The two-day conference will cover topics including economics, developing markets, livestock, 
agronomic and horticulture crops, aquaculture, and organic management.

 For a complete listing of conference speakers and sessions and online registration, visit 
http://orgconf.sustainability.uiuc.edu/.

(Dan Anderson, Univ. Illinois, aslan@uiuc.edu)

New Scholarships Available at Purdue: A new series of scholarships for incoming freshmen 
was recently announced at Purdue. These are automatic and guaranteed for students who meet 
the requirements.

High school seniors with SAT scores of 1240 to 1330 and a 3.8 grade point average or a class 
rank in the top 5% will be eligible for the Presidential Scholarship worth $5,000 per year for 
Indiana residents and $7,000 per year for non-Indiana residents.
 
High school seniors with SAT scores of at least 1340 and a 3.8 grade point average or a class 
rank in the top 5% will be eligible for the Trustees Scholarship worth $8,000 per year for 
Indiana residents and $10,000 per year for non-Indiana residents.
 
The scholarships are renewable for up to eight consecutive semesters at Purdueâs West Lafayette 
campus. To renew each year, students must maintain a 3.0 GPA.  But time is short!  To qualify, 
students must have a complete application for admission on file at Purdue by December 15.
 
Do you know talented students who are considering applying to Purdue for fall 2008?  Please 
make them aware of these opportunities and encourage them to get their application for 
admission to Purdue before December 15. Complete information about these scholarship 
opportunities is available at 
http://www.purdue.edu/Admissions/Undergrad/costs/merit_scholarships.shtml. 
 
Purdue Agriculture offers a wide range of majors for students interested in the food, agricultural, 
and natural resources areas, and the career opportunities are great for our graduates. Job 
placement is consistently high and starting salaries average just over $39,000. Talented students 
in Indiana and across the country have countless educational options, but for many students the 
final college choice comes down to a financial decision.  Please help us make students aware of 
these scholarships so they donât have to settle for anything less than a Purdue education!

New Farm Bill Deal:  The Senate Democratic and Republican leadership reached agreement last 
night that will allow farm bill floor debate to resume next week after being stalled for several 
weeks.  They agreed that 40 amendments will be allowed, with 20 from each side.  Almost 300 
amendments were filed and negotiations are underway to determine which will be offered.  
Debate is expected to begin possibly next Monday (Dec. 17) with votes as early as Tuesday.  It 
can be watched at www.cspan.com (http://www.cspan.com/) (US Apple Assoc.) 
Peru FTA Clears Senate:  The Senate approved the US-Peru free trade agreement (FTA) by a 
wider than expected margin with a 77-18 vote last Tuesday.  All but two Republicans voted in 
favor, while 16 Democrats voted no.  USApple supports implementation of this FTA which will 
eliminate Peruâs 25 percent import tariff currently imposed on US apples.   
  
The Peru FTA was approved by the House earlier this fall on a 235-132 vote.  FTAs negotiated 
with Colombia, Panama and South Korea face obstacles that are likely to prevent their 
consideration by congress in the near future. (US Apple Assoc.) 
  
New WIC Rule to Increase Fruit/Vegetable (But Reduce Juice) Purchases:  The US 
Department of Agriculture proposed an interim rule yesterday to significantly expand 
consumption of fruits and vegetables, but decrease juice available to participants in the women, 
infants and children (WIC) program.  The WIC percentage of the fruit/vegetable market will 
increase from 0 to 2.7 percent, according to the Produce Marketing Association, since the new 
rule will encourage WIC mothers and children to consume more fruits and vegetables.  (Now 
breastfeeding mothers can receive carrots, the only fruit/vegetable allowed.)  The united fresh 
produce association estimates that the change, which will provide $8 to women and $6 to 
children each month in new WIC fruit and vegetable vouchers, will result in more than $500 
million in new purchasing power per year.     
  
The new rule also eliminates juice for young infants, replaces juice with fruits and vegetables for 
older infants, and reduces the amount of juice for women and older children.  This interim rule 
represents the first comprehensive change to the WIC food packages since 1980, and aligns them 
with the dietary guidelines for Americans and current infant feeding recommendations of the 
American Academy of Pediatrics. (US Apple Assoc.) 
      
Funding Sought for Agricultural Chemical Usage Survey:  USApple coordinated with 
agricultural commodity organizations in Washington, DC, and contacted key members of 
Congress this week to identify potential sources to fund the agricultural chemical usage surveys 
conducted by USDAâs National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS).  NASS has stated that it 
needs an additional $8.4 million to run the program.  The surveys generate data which the EPA 
uses to conduct risk assessments for crop protection tools.  Absent the data, the risk assessments 
could become more conservative and result in fewer crop protection tools and in cancellations of 
current uses. (US Apple Assoc.) 
  
Upcoming Meetings:
Jan. 7-8, 2008:  Kentucky Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Embassy Suites, Lexington, KY. 
Contact John Strang 859-257-5685; e-mail: jstrang@uky.edu
Jan 14-16, 2008:  Ohio Produce Growers and Marketers Association Congress, Kalahari Resort 
& Conference Center, Sandusky Ohio
Jan 17-18, 2008: Midwest POrganic Conference. Univ. IL (see article in this newsletter).

Jan 28, 2008: Human Resource Conference (in conjunction with Hort Congress). Adamâs Mark 
Hotel, Indianapolis. Information at www.inhortcongress.org

Jan 28-30, 2008: Indiana Horticultural Congress and Trade Show. Adamâs Mark Hotel, 
Indianapolis. For program and registration information, refer to www.inhortcongress.org
Jan. 29-31, 2008:  Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Hershey Lodge and 
Convention Center, Hershey, PA.  For More information Contact William Troxell 717-694-3596.
Feb. 15-20, 2008: Annual meeting of the North American Farmersâ Direct Marketing 
Association (NAFDMA), Wisconsin.  More more information: http://www.nafdma.com
March 4-7, 2008: Wineries Unlimited, the largest wine industry trade show and seminar 
program east of the Rockies, will celebrate its 33rd year, the second in a row at the new venue of 
the Valley Forge Convention Center in King of Prussia, PA, with a larger trade show than was 
possible at the Lancaster Host in the past. Four days of seminars supplement the trade show (on 
3/5-6), with wine tastings and social events, including the second annual ASEV/ES scholarship 
auction fundraiser. Keynote speaker at the Wine Theme Lunch will be Steve Burns, president of 
consulting firm O'Donnell-Lane, LLC. For program details, exhibitor list and online registration, 
visit www.wineriesunlimited.com. 
 
March 7, 2008: Issues in Winery Layout and Design seminar at Wineries Unlimited, Valley 
Forge Convention Center, King  of Prussia, PA. Coordinated by Dr. Bruce Zoecklein, Head, 
Enology-Grape Chemistry Group, Virginia Tech. This day-long program will cover practical 
topics of interest to those starting a new winery, or expanding an existing facility. Industry and 
winery architects will discuss and review Winery Design & Examples, Integration of Winery 
Process Equipment, Layout and Design, and Green Design Considerations. For more information 
and online registration, visit www.wineriesunlimited.com.




FACTS FOR FANCY FRUIT
SUBSCRIPTION NOTICE FOR 2008

Facts for Fancy Fruit is a newsletter for commercial and/or advanced amateur fruit growers.  It 
provides timely information on pest control and production practices that should be of interest to 
all growers.  The information is not intended for home fruit growers unless those growers wish to 
follow commercial practices.  All growers or interested persons are welcome to subscribe.

Approximately 12-15 issues will be published during 2008, bi-weekly during the growing season 
and monthly otherwise.  The subscription price of $15.00 includes only the basic costs of 
printing and mailing at first class rates.  The newsletter is also available free of charge 
electronically through the World Wide Web at http://www.hort.purdue.edu/fff/ or by e-mail. If 
you have e-mail and would like a copy sent electronically, send your name and e-mail address to 
hirst@purdue.edu and we will include you on the list, or subscribe yourself through the web at 
http://www.hort.purdue.edu/fff/fff.html.

If you wish to receive the printed version of the newsletter in 2008, please fill out the form below 
and send it to the Department of Horticulture, along with a check for $15.00 (tax included). You 
can also subscribe to FFF on the Hort Congress registration form.

We hope that you will benefit from the information contained in the newsletter.  We welcome 
your comments and suggestions. 
      Peter M. Hirst
 
Please send me ãFacts for Fancy Fruitä for the 2008 season.  Enclosed is my check for $15.00 
(tax included).  Make checks payable to PURDUE UNIVERSITY.

Name 									Please Check:
Address 									Grower
City 										Sales
State 			 Phone#							Other 			
Zip 		 	 County				

I would like to see information on the following fruit crops:
	Apple				Blueberries				Grapes
	Peaches				Strawberries				Cider
	Pears				Raspberries				Other 			
							
Please Return to:	Facts for Fancy Fruit
			Attn: Katie Vanvekoven
			Purdue University
			Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
			625 Agriculture Mall Drive
			West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010